The Nature Of Leisure And It's Historical Forms

With the pace of social development, human have created huge material wealth that has also produced a lot of leisure time. With continuous development and progress of human civilization, leisure has revolutionized. Leisure is an economic phenomenon as well as a cultural phenomenon. It not only marks that people have already liberated from the heavy manual labor but also shows people that from meeting the basic needs of life to the pursuit of spiritual life. It means that human society is gradually moving from the traditional "production-consumption" model to the "consumption-production" pattern. As a human being's existence and lifestyle, leisure is an expression of the value of human existence, is focused on human ontological meaning, achieving people's full leisure and free development that is the main symbol of social civilization and progress.From the perspective of historical materialism, this paper studies the development of leisure. First of all, from the perspective of historical materialism theory, researching the law of development of leisure. Leisure activities are not only decisively influenced by the material production, but also have the independent nature and law of development, and affect other social phenomena. Analyze and summarize Marx's theory about leisure. Then, to interpret the origin of the word "leisure", and on the basis of the theories of leading thinkers, outlining the nature of leisure. Leisure is essentially that subject who is in the state of ease, pleasure and enjoyment in realization of the life under the effect of material and cultural. Furthermore, the subject gets a certain quality of freedom and liberation in leisure. Human activities are not completely different from leisure activities. Human activities are consisted of life, production and other scientific and artistic activities. Whether these activities become leisure ones, the difference is that whether the subject obtains the quality of leisure which is the quality of ease, pleasure and enjoyment. Once these activities have the quality of leisure, they have become the subject of leisure activities, while the subject has obtained enjoyment in the leisure.Then, the development stage of leisure can be divided into three ages, aristocratic leisure, popular leisure and universal leisure. Each was combined to basic content and forms of the specific history, studying the specific historical form, researching its historical value. Leisure is also a process. The aristocratic leisure is in an embryonic stage, the popular leisure is on the prosperous development stage, the general leisure is the ideal vision of future development of leisure. Finally, on the basis of the law, summing up the historical development of leisure and finding an appropriate model of leisure for China's development. To improve the level of development of leisure from leisure time, leisure activities, leisure mentality, proposing the scientific concept of leisure.As a human ideal, exploring for the meaning of life and happiness, leisure is a glorious spiritual home. Leisure indicates future society will be free and will have comprehensive development of human potential. We have been working for this goal.