Tourism Carrying Capacity And Its Optimized Design For Development And Planning Of Karst Reservoir Area

Tourism has to take into account all kinds of positive and passive effects on the environment, which are resulted from tourism economy activity, if it wants to achieve sustainable development. Karst environment is one of main fragile eco-environments not only in China but also around the world. Therefore, in the exploitation of karst resources, the research of tourism environment carrying capacity (TECC) is especially significant.Different kinds of tourism destination and its different states of exploitation, its TECC is different. The paper, on the basis of comprehensive analysis of region features, exploitation state and tourism environment system of karst reservoir areas, establishes the index system of TECC in the areas, which is composed of three parts, i.e. resource carrying capacity (RCC), society carrying capacity (SCC) and economy carrying capacity (ECC). The paper, through introducing the concept of tourism environment carrying quantity (TECQ), constructs tourism environment carrying index (TECI) combined with the concept of TECC, and, with the help of TECI, makes an estimation of exploitation and planning of tourism destination, and realizes the aim to optimize the exploitation and planning from the angle of TECC. Moreover, it puts theoretically forward a set of embodied operational ways how to use TECC as a tool of tourism exploitation and planning, and therefore provides some new methods for calculating of TECC and exploitation and planning of these kinds of tourism destinationsWith a special reference to Dongfeng Lake, the paper makes a design of the exploitation and planning based on the analysis of its resource situation, locality condition and market demand. Meanwhile, by analyzing its regional features and exploitation state, it has set up an index system to calculate TECC and TECQ. The most important, in the calculating, is how to scientifically quantify the indexes, the indexes of RCC are mainly achieved by means of field investigation, indoors map analysis and dealing with the TM photos with the help of GIS and RS techniques; and those of SCC mainly by social investigations of the reservoir (e.g. questionnaire); and those of ECC mainly by the making of exploitation and planning design and basic capacity standers as well as field investigation. As far as the selection of mathematical model is concerned, considering the complexity of TECC calculating, the paper adopts the method of multi-target linear function with respects of weight, and the weight of indexes can be worked out by using the way of AHP. In the end of the paper, it gets the results of TECI of the initial exploitation and planning design on the basis of calculating of TE CC and TECQ. The results shows that, the TECI of Dongfeng Lake belongs to insufficient carrying, and the design of exploitation and planning should be adjusted. Moreover, it finally demonstrates the practicability of the method that uses TECC as a tool for tourism exploitation and planning.