Development Of Dairy Industry And Its Inspriation To China

Dairy cattle raising is the core of modem state agriculture. Dairy cattle can not only change feed into milk and meat, but also provide materials for the dairy processing industry. So the output value of dairy industry in most developed countries in the world makes up about one-third of the total output value of animal husbandry. Since the beginning of the 1990, milk supply in the world is growing steadily. Milk production in most developing countries has increased quickly because of the rise of number of dairy cows, although the per cow yield remains low. Most developed countries have experienced a decline in number of dairy cows, which has been accompanied with higher yield per cow, thus the total output keeps growing. By the end of the 1970, the total consumption as well as per capita milk consumption rose but declined since the late 1980 in the developed world. The consumption in the developing countries moved upward because of increase of population, urbanization, and income growth and higher life standard. The consumption of liquid milk is determined by the total supply and demand. In milk-deficit countries, most output is consumed as liquid milk. International trade of milk and dairy products remains stable. The main export countries of dairy products are the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, accounting for about 93% of the total exports in the world market. Some experts estimated, as the export subsidy will be lifted according to Dairy Agreement of WTO, the EU will lose some market share, while Australia and New Zealand will probably benefit from it because of their low production cost and competitive advantage. In addition, countries with low production cost will raise their export. Owing to the increased demand for dairy products, Asia and Latin America will become main importers. Asia has already has 40% of import market in the world today. The developed countries have a long history in dairy production and their common experience can be summarized as follows: In productIon: 1) To allocate resources rationally. Distribution of region for dairy production, which can save feed and the other expenses; 2) To put emphasis on science & technology. To improve variety, and provide extension of technologies; and 3) To adopt advance management and operation in the form of orporation or cooperative + farmers? which can offer necessary service and profit to the farmers and also form the management system of integration of production, processing, and marketing, which lead to enlargement of scale and increase varieties of dairy products to meet consumers?different needs in tastes. In term of demand, take the measure of publicity, change the way of marketing and price strategy to push the consumption of dairy products, and also carry out ilk program?and foreign trade to solve the problem of surplus of dairy products. In term of dairy policy, work out favorable policy and appropriate protection for dairy industry to be well-developed and the starting point of dairy industry policy always focuses on protection of the benefit of farmers. A number of developing countries also aim at enhancing farmers?income in the course of development of dairy industry. By comparison, dairy industry is underdeveloped in China with the long period of one-sided food supply policy and way of life. After the reform and opening-up policy, dairy industry began to developed rapidly and have the favorable conditions. But comparing with developed countries, there still exist...