| Our country is a large shipping country of the world and holds a great of inland water resource. In 2001 the ship freight transportation turnover volume is 2 thousand 5 hundred billion ton kilometres, accounting for 52% of whole trade transportation turnover volume. The 84% of total import and export cargo is carry by ship. Shipping plays a very important role in our country's economy development and foreign trade. However, alone with the worldwide technology revolution storm and the fast changing industry structure, people are changing their attitude and action about the choice of the transport mode. Different transport modes are competing badly now, and the comprehensive transport structure is stealthily changing. But in the new situation, our shipping industry doesn't fit for our nation development. And the main problems of the Waterage industry are as followed: Transport ability structure is not proper. Vessels are very old. Transport ability is overmuch. Average tonnage of the shipboard is small. It is necessary to adjust transport ability structure for utilizing water resource better and enhancing the vigour of shipping company and keeping the shipping industry developed well .Studying the supply and demand balance system of inland transport can provide a method for the adjustment of transport ability structures. While the question about balance between transport ability and quantity is concerned about many facts which describe by a mount of data .The supervision bureau always supervise by using the traditional mould of management such as: chart, sheet, statistic data etc. It reduces the efficiency and nicety of decision. Therefore, it is necessary to create a new modern method and skill for the plan of balance between transport ability and quantity .GIS as one of the new technology for its multiple ways of recording the geographical data and its strong seeking function and data maintenance power provide the effective work platform and technology to get the information real time and to analyze for management.According to theory and methods of System Engineering, this paper studied the information management of inland water resources based on the balance of supply and demand of shipping transport. Guided by system theory, the technology of GIS and MIS combine organically. Various subjects are comprehensively applied in thepaper, such as information science, computer science and statistics. The structure and function of shipping transport's information was designed by analyzing the object and mission of the system, the user's demand and the source of data. Then the concept and logic of the database was designed. After classifying the data and coding, a database including different data types such as text, figures and tables was built. By using Object-Oriented and Component Object Mode, the balance system of supply and demand of inland water based on GIS was developed, which offers an efficient method for inland shipping management.
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