| Enterprise is the basic unit of the national economy, the direct consumer of natural resource and the main producer of environmental pollution. But social institutions restrict its business behaviors. So rational institutional arrangement, which is the fundamental option and basic guarantee to actualize the target of sustainable development, can make it to take a green transition. With the modern institution economics, resource and environmental economics, public management theory and sustainable development theory and from the point of enterprise green transition, this article studies green institutions from the view of enterprise.The article has seven chapters and can be divided into four parts. In the first part, which consists of the first and second chapter, it defines enterprise green transition as an institution transition according to the meaning of institution and institution transition. Then it points out the inevitability of green transition of enterprise on the basis of analyzing the contradiction between the condition of population, resource and environment of China and the mode of enterprise production. In the second part, the third chapter, it expatiates on the development of international green institutions and our main green institutions and their deficiencies, then points out the criterion of evaluating green institution, fair, efficiency and adaptive abilities. The third part, from the fourth to sixth chapter, is the main part of the article. In this part, the article takes the character of the enterprise green transition into account, and then discusses the social cost and company cost of the transition, the role of government, the angle of analysis and the mode of transition in detail. Moreover the article demonstrates us the game process of green policy with the example of levying upon the pollution fee and discusses the decision-making according to their profit targets of enterprise and government in the process. The seventh chapter is the fourth part, in which the article gets some conclusions in the light of the above discussion and gives some suggestions.There are some main conclusions of the article. 1.Enterprise inclines to decision-making according to its profit, so constituting and anglicizing green institutions from the view of enterprise will advantage their microcosmic base, then can improve their adaptive abilities and green effects. 2.Government has powers and some potential advantages, but it inheres of some defects, so it should not become the principle parter but the urger, waiter and superintendent of the green transition process. 3.According to social cost and the situation of the social environment, we should adopt a gradual transition stratagem on the whole in the process. 4.We can classify the enterprise green transition into three kinds by the dominant factor in the push-drag-model, push-dominant mode, drag-dominant mode and friction-tight state. Different green policies should giveto different transition mode in odor to getting a good green effect. 5.The costs of enterprise have three levels by the point of view of sustainable development, apparent cost in generation, dormant cost in generation and intergenerational cost. The priority of green system should adjust to the level to which the benefits of the enterprise amount. 6. We can classify the green institution transition into three kinds by the roles of government and enterprise in the transition process, forced-supply mode, government-channel-off mode and demand-attract mode. The first mode is the dominant one in China now, but the following two modes impact less on the situation of the social profits. Enterprises prefer to them, so they should be enhanced. 7. Building up a restricting and counterpoise social force to supervise the green intendance of government can improve the effect of green policies without increase performing cost correspondingly. 8.Informal green institutions, liking green consciousness, can exert a subtle influence on the action of enterprise and get a good green effect wi... |
