A Perspective Of Peasants' Collective Appealing To The Higher Authorities For Help

Modernization has been being the foreordination for China since the middle of 19th century, but the Three Issues - the issue of peasants , countryside and agriculture , is the bottleneck of the modernization in China. At the turn of the new century, The correctness of the proposition that if there is no modernization of peasants, countryside and agriculture, there would be no modernization in China is more obvious . So it is obligatory for each intellectual who is concerned about the future of China to pay more attention to " the Three Issues "Peasants' collective appealing to the higher authorities for help, which,to some extents indicates the intensity of the "Three Issues", is one of the representations of the "Three Issues" in the new era.Compared with the peasants' collective appealing to the higher authorities for help occurred all through the country , the studies that have been carried out in the academic sector are not systematic and deep enough.Therefore, the following researches are of great theoretical and realistic meaning with regards to protecting peasants' interestss,sustaining the stability of rural society, better understanding the new situation of the "Three Issues" under the condition of market economy, groping for the expressing and vindicating mechanism of peasants' interestss as well as realizing modernization smoothly in China.They are studying the problems of peasants' collective appealing comprehensively, in time and systematically, exploring the seducing mechanism of it and revealing the relationship between it and the change of rural society.Linhai County in Shandong Province is selected as the survey objective in order to generally learn the changes of rural society since the reform and opening-up as well as the affairs of peasants' collective appealing.Through this field survey, the relationship between peasants' collective appealing and the factors such as the natural environment, economic situation,political structure,state power, commune cadres,the elites of collective appealing,peasants' cultural psychology and so on is revealed,At the same time, the results and influences of peasants' collective appealing are also analysed.Then five typical cases of peasants' appealing happened in recent years are selected in order to have a perspective on the commonness and speciality of the appealing in the transitional period. Detail account of the collectively appealing is given with the hope of grasping the essence through the phenomena. According to the survey result mentioned above,the conclusive ideas are given as follows: First, the rural social structure has changed greatly since the reform and opening-up,and peasants' collective appealing to the higher authorities for help is the conscious action from peasants to vindicate their legal rights. Second ,the lack ofinterest negotiation mechanism in rural areas is the institutional cause of the appealing. Third ,the appealing mainly aimed at the commune cadres. Fourthly, the appealing demands only for the economic requirements with few exceptions for political aims. The last is that the elites from external state power play an important role in the appealing. Contextually,the common sense is derived from the comparison between the appealings in Linhai County and the ones in the eastern, middle and western of China. On this ground,the causes of the appealing and the reflection on the appealing system are comprehensively exposed.In author's opinion,the socialist market economy system has been established as the goal of the reform of political system in the last two decades in which the system reform with the characteristic of " economy first" has been carried out in step- by- step way.However, no clear statement of the goal of political system reform has been seen in the documents of the Party. The disharmony between the reform of political system and that of economic system has made the contradictions of masses and the conflicts of interests more complicated. When it comes to the rural problems,the differentiation of...