A Probing Analysis Of The Construction Of The State Innovation System

During the 25 years of reform and opening to the outside world, the economy of the Mainland China has been increased averagely by more than 9% annually, a high rate of increase. However, the throes of its economic transformation period are far from over. High cost, high consumption, low technical content, low benefit, and other abuses brought by its extensive economic growth have been gradually becoming apparent, and have begun becoming factors restricting its economic growth. With its entry to WTO, all its front doors to foreign capital are open, and with the direct entrance of foreign merchants, its enterprises which in the past had to rely on the technological introduction and trade protection begin to lose space in the market and have to seek new footholds. Now the weak ability in technological innovation and core competitive power has become the death wound of its economy. It has become a task of top priority for Mainland China to really proceed from realities, conscientiously implement the strategy of making the nation prosperous through sciences and education, and propel the science and technology progress so as to improve its innovation ability and increase the competitive power of its national economy. Thus, it has become a urgent task for Mainland China to quicken the progress of the construction of its state innovation system.First of all, understanding the nature and function of science and technology has to be enhanced. Firstly, science and technology are special public products. All scientific and technological products are more or less provided with the nature of public products. The closer they are to the basic science and theoretic research, the stronger their nature of public products is. Even if a certain technology is a private product, it is impossible for its inventor to occupy all the benefits brought by it or prevent others from sharing his/her achievements. Secondly, science and technology are the first productive force. 1) Science and technology have permeability, expansibility, and benefits increasing progressively. Their permeability is reflected by that the three factors of the modern productive force, viz. labor force, subject of labor, and labor methods, and their combinations like the production processes and management methods are all results of the permeation and materialization of science and technology; their expansibility is reflected by that once products of modern scientific and technological knowledge are produced with one-time investment, they can be spread endlessly at a minute cost only in communications without increasing the cost of the knowledge production; and their benefits increasing progressively are reflected by that once knowledge products go into operation, the production cost added is too slight to be negligible comparing with the start cost, and with the production scale constantly enlarged, the start cost apportioned by products will be lowered constantly, and what the enterprises will see is a descendant supply curve, their benefits of scale will increase by degrees. 2) Science and technology are the basis and fundamental drive of the development of the modern economy. Calculations by Solow, Denison, and other people show very well that science and technology are the main sources of the increase of the modern economy. And Samuelson further shows that technological innovations can make the functional curve of the total production ascend, and so the economic life doesn't stagnate, and the per capita output increases, per capita salary becomes more, and per capita living level is heightened. 3) Science and technology are of broad sociality and high-degree individuality. Their sociality is reflected by that their development has a great influence on the advancement of the social civilization, and the economic status of a nation determines the development course of science and technology. The result of scientific researches and production are wholly determined by the creativity of scientists and technicians, so science and technology are of high-degree in...