The Equity And Efficiency In The Change Of Farmland Institution Of Our Country

Farmland institution is one of social economic system components and foundation of agricultural economic system. Farmland institution successively experienced the stages of land reform, cooperationization, people's community and family production contract institution since 1949. There are theoretical and practical significance for the inquiry to the equity and efficiency in the changes of farmland institution. Theoretically, this dissertation compares the equity and efficiency of different farmland institutions and farmland usage institutions since 1949 and deepens our knowledge of the changes after a empirical study. Practically, based on the theoretical study, this dissertation tries to find measures to improve the current farmland institution of China, directing a new way to settle our agricultural problems.Based on the review of relevant literature of equity and efficiency in changes of farmland institution, this dissertation defines the range of farmland institution and the indices measuring its equity and efficiency. This dissertation only studies farmland ownership and farmland usage institution, at the same time describes the changing process of the institutions since 1949.The efficiency of farmland institution is reflected by agricultural GDP and relevant factor productivity of farmland institution. The equity of the institution is reflected by Gini coefficient and the ratio of rural per capita net income to urban per capita net income.On the basis of an quantitative analysis of the equity and efficiency of farmland institution, this dissertation compares the equity and efficiency of different institutions and analysize the causes. There are some conclusions, such as, (1) the equity of our farmland institution is decreasing in spite of its good performance in history, and (2) though there is a good performance in China's agricultural production, the growth of agricultural GDP is a result of growth in input other than growth in productivity. Based on the theoretical study, corresponding measures are put forward, aiming at the current equity and efficiency of farmland institution of China.