High Pressure Of Human Activities And The Evolution Of Urban Geomorphic Environment In Shanghai

The city that relies mainly on human beings is a nature- society- economy system. Urban geomorphic environment offering the cushion and foundation for this huge system is very important to a city. Shanghai is the largest industrial city of China. While the economy rapidly developing, the problem of urban geomorphic environment that threatens seriously sound development of Shanghai begins to be prominent. It comes from human direct and indirect action on the geomorphologic processes.This thesis regards urban area of Shanghai, which is the typical place of human activities of high strength, as the research object. The paper studies urban geomorphology of shanghai in terms of urban system by synthesizing the nature and humanity. About natural geomorphology, I mainly choose indexes of river system and ground shape. About human geomorphic agent, I mainly choose indexes of industrialization and urbanization. All the indexes will be quantified.By analyzing features and laws of human activities as well as its impact on geomorphic environment during every historical perio.ds, human geomorphic agent are divided into eight stages; The paper chooses Huangpu District as a example of the center area, Minhang district of the suburbs, Nanhui district of the outer suburbs to study the different human geomorphic agent how to make different influence on geomorphic process. Land deformation process is the typical geomorphic process of urban center area of Shanghai .The paper discusses stages, causes and catastrophic attribute of land deformation, analyses the relation between land deformation and flood prevention wall, put forward the controlling role of land deformation to the sediment of river system, etc.Main conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) Human geomorphic agent exceeds nature step by step in urban geomorphology system, even plays a decisive role. (2) Under the long-term human activities of high intensity, the urban geomorphic environment of Shanghai gradually forms on the basis of nature geomorphology. River system and topography varies because of the difference of human geomorphicagent in different areas. (3) Resources of ground form of city have obvious fragility and they are easy to be destroyed and difficult to be rehabilitated after being destroyed. (4) Land deformation process is divided into six stages which is well related to the eight stages of human geomorphic agent. (5) The land deformation process here is considered as a catastrophic process. The one that is worth paying.attention to is that the controlling role of land deformation to the sediment of river system effects the river deposit accelerating and the difficulty to river rehabilitation.The pressure of human activities to the physical geographical system in central urban area must be reduced during urbanization or re-urbanization. Building and developing satellite cities and towns on the peripheral parts- of the metropolis is a better way. The urban geomorphic environmental problems should be solved completely only on a level of urban ecosystem and city planning.