Study On The Relationship Between Government And Non-profit Organizations In The Perspective Of New Institutionalism

With the depth of political reform in China, improving of the market economy system gradually, the activity space for non-profit organizations has expanded unprecedentedly. As an important force, the nonprofit organizations have gradually stepped into the scope of social life, which are playing an increasingly important role in all areas of social public life. To realize the innovation of Chinese social management, and promote the sustainable development of society, it cannot leave the participation of nonprofit organizations. Therefore, the study on relationship between government and non-profit organization is gradually becoming the hot issues in politics and public administration.The nonprofit organizations are the product of the specific institutional environment. Therefore, when analyzed the relationship between government and non-profit organization, it must be placed in specific political, economic, social and cultural environment for an investigation. In the perspective of new institutionalism, combing with the development of the non-profit organization in Shanghai and the practical cooperation system between government and non-profit organization, this thesis constructed a conceptual analytical framework by four dimensions from institutional environment, institutional change, institutional arrangement and institutional incentive based on the specific social environment.The institutional environment laid the foundation of interactive relationship between government and non-profit organization. The institutional environment which are composed of the formal institutional environment with the political system and the economic system and the informal institutional environment with cultural environment and ideology, have both rigid constraint for interactive relationship between government and non-profit organization and the flexible promotion for its development. The specific institutional environment in China determines the direction to the government promoting the non-profit organization. Meanwhile, the non-profit organizations are incorporated into the government's system. And the institutional change dominated by the government limits the transformation of relationship between the government and non-profit organization.The series of institutional arrangement under the constitution, give administrative legitimacy to the non-profit organization, but the strict admittance system and the multiple inhibiting management system, indicate the government that exists the motives to strengthen the control for the non-profit organization. In the arrangement of system and the arrangement of mechanism for the interaction between the government and the non-profit organization, the government is the principal part of system supply in pushing the cooperative innovation between the government and the non-profit organization. In such arrangement, it forms multivariate interactive relationship under the positive control of governmental one-way between the government and the non-profit organization. In evolution of the logic relationship between the government and the non-profit organization, the relationship between them shows path dependence characteristics more. The consequences are causing the contradictions between the system supply and the system demand, and the institutional predicament on structuring the interactive relationship between the government and the non-profit organizations. To construct the benign interactive relationship between them, the government must promote the concept transformation, perfect the institutional systems, innovate the operative mechanism and foster social capital together with the non-profit organizations from the public policy orientation.