Public Input In Science And Technology: Exploration Of China's System

By studying the input system of science and research fund in china, we can find out its present conditions and supply theoretical support to the reform of science and research system in new days.The forming of the input system of S&R fund is connected with the forming of science and technology system in china. Before reforming , the system of financial input has much limitation , such as separating the connecting between the science and economy , lacking of encouragement system, the source of science and research fund being unique, attaching important to short-term interests and ignoring the long-term interests , and so on. With the further development of the S&T system, the input system of S&T in china has developed from the unique input system of government financing to the input system of multi-sources, which includes the system of scientific fund, investment of institutions of S&R themselves , loans from bank, risk investment and others.At present, the main source of the S&R input in china are all kinds of plans , projects and other important special programs that the country set up . But there exists much problems in the input of government financing and in its managing , such as the input and operating fees of the basic facilities of S&T being little , the same to the input of public good from society, and so on . And there exists problem of the function location between the central and the local.This paper also introduces some management models of S&T funds of the developed country , including the model decentralization, the model of centralization and coordination, the model of high centralization. As a result , the author summarizes the enlightenment of these models to the reform of the S&T system in china.