Study On China Custom Risk Managment

Risk is objectively existing in nature, our lives, and working as well. On the one hand, almost all the risks of both existing and potential possess the characteristic of uncertainty. On the other hand, as an objective concept, risk can be measured, dispersed, transferred, prevented, and controlled by some methods. Therefore, people are naturally willing to manage risks around them to reduce to the greatest extent the possible damage which the future uncertainty may bring. As a strong weapon of perceiving and rebuilding the world, the methods and theory of modern risk management has developed with the course in which people continually struggled with every kind of risk and summarized experiences as well. Being a kind of thinking and methods of management, risk management initially originated from bank and insurance, and these days has been successfully applied in trade and industry. In order to adapt to the development of trade, customs must solve the conflict between carrying out efficient surveillance procedures and providing simplified procedures as well as international conveniences, risk management as an advanced modern management method has been closely paid attention by Customs of almost every country in the world, such as America, Netherlands, Australia, and Singapore, and actively applied to the practices in customs surveillance and executing the law. Till now, the applied level of risk management has become the symbol of the modernization level of a customs. In the newly edited < Kyoto Pact>, WCO wrote for the first time risk management technique as a standard item into the chapter of customs surveillance, and drew out the actualizing guide. Customs of EU have put risk analysis into the Customs Development Strategy of 2000. The SCCP of APEC has listed risk management in the collectivity action plan of the members as well, so as to advance the trade convenience among the member countries. In a word, the application of risk management in customs management is being widely understood. All around the world, risk management is viewed as the level of the modernazation of customs. Compared with the customs of developing countries, such as America, Netherlands, and Australia, risk management was introduced to Chinese customs comparatively later. From the year of 1996 to now, after a period of research and practice, the practice of risk management in Chinese customs has come into the period of omnidirectional development. In order to promote the development of Chinese modernization in harmony, Chinese customs has confirmed risk management as the core in the second step strategy of the modernization of China customs. Through deeply integrating the advanced ideology of risk management into other operation fields, Chinese customs of application of risk management, Chinese customs is going to establish with effort the system of risk prevention and control Chinese customs. Under the circumstance of risk management being highly regardedby customs in every country, it is an inevitable choice for Chinese customs to learn from the other countries and introduce risk management, so as to solve problems being confronted with us. Ever since risk management was defined as the core in the second step strategy of the modernization of Chinese customs, a deep-seated customs management reform ranging from concept, management mode, organization form, and to the newly management methods, is outspreading in Chinese customs at present. Anyway, the risk management of Chinese customs which is still juvenile is faced with a series of problems: first, the scientific and unitive understanding to the basic connotation of risk management has not been shaped; second, the fundamental theory of customs risk management still needs to be excavated; there are misunderstandings in terms of the ideology and practices of customs risk management; a whole system of customs risk management has not been set up, and etc. According to the above, this article from the angle of view of risk management tries to make a sense of the modern risk management ideology of Chinese customs, hereby analyses the possibility and feasibility of risk management applied to the practices in Chinese customs, and finally put forward the frame of establishing the system of modern customs risk management. The author suggests that a series of systems including the collection and issuance of risk information, the risk control of clearance proceeding, and the cooperation of anti-fraud of price, should be established to accomplish the system of the riskmanagement application. Therefore, by means of clarifying and standardizing responsibilities of each administrative level, department, and proceeding, Chinese customs will innovate the working modes, optimize management resources , and finally form a system of risk prevention and control. At the same time, the development of risk management platform should be strengthened. The risk management platform can support each operation department decision-making assistances to develop risk information proceeding, analysis, and treatment. Regard to the design, it is of three characteristics as follows: firstly, through the database techniques, reconstructed adequately information which is both rich and separately; secondly, according to the working flow of risk management of information collection, risk identification, analysis and evaluation, and performance management, developed the flexible and practicable function of demand, analysis, control, and evaluation of information and data; thirdly, by means of computer technology, solidified the analysis methods which have been proved effectively by practices. This article mainly consists of four parts as follows: The first part analyses comprehensively the status quo of Chinese customs management. The second one emphasizes the basic theories of customs risk management. The third analyses the basic meaning and the characteristic of customs risk management. With regard to the last part, it is about the imagination of establishing Chinese customs risk management, which analyses above all a series of problems existing...