The Research Of Problems Of Chinese Rural Labor Force Employment

Since reform and opening, changes from planned economic system to market economic has brought about more and more pressure of employment, unemployment and reemployment, which become a large question of perplexing social and economic development of China. Chinese Communist the sixteen congress report points out "employment is a foundation of the people′s livelihood, expanding employment is a important and arduous task of our country from now on and a long period later."Therefore, it is a important problem to continuously enhance peasants incomes and overall realize well-off society how to regard the sixteen congress spirit as instruction and resolve employment problem of rural labor force. Chinese Communist the sixteen congress puts forward "overall construct well-off"grand goal. The biggest obstacle is "the problem on rural area, agriculture and peasant"to realize this goal. The core of the problem on rural area, agriculture and peasant is peasant enhancing incomes problem, the key of peasant enhancing incomes is employment problem of labor force. The full employment of rural labor force is a powerful guarantee to enhance peasant incomes. Therefore, it is a breach hole of resolving employment problem of rural labor force to transfer rural surplus labor force and expand peasant employment. Under the dual social and economic structure of our country, as long as we sufficiently recognize the importance of employment problems of rural labor force, we can realize the transfer of rural surplus labor force and find out solving the countermeasures of employment problems of rural labor force. We succeed in transferring rural surplus labor force, thoroughly change employment structure of three times industry, can inaugurate relatively wide development space to agriculture modernization, We can really solve "peasants problem", "country problem", "agriculture problem"of perplexing China. This text is on the basis of consulting domestic and international research results, go on to describe employment problems from several aspects of employment basic theories, employment situation, employment predict and employment policy. This text has described Chinese rural laborer's employment question from four aspects mainly: First part introduced relevant classical theories and relevant concepts that the workforce shifts, the theoretical research about rural laborer's employment has dual economy structure model of Lewis' in the world. U.S.A. develop economist draw Nice and economist of Chinese American development fee scene successor Lewis of mode, have offered the new, more complicated content for theory of agricultural transfer of surplus labor force. Jorgenson has developed further to dual structure model. After World War II, in a lot of country, especially developing country, though the unemployment and underemployed phenomenon are becoming more serious in the city, but still a large number of agricultural surplus labor force flow into the city. For this reason, American economist Todaro set up the famous Todaro model. Since the beginning of the 1990s, as the Chinese academia produced, shifted and flowed to move the further promotion that the mechanism was studied to the surplus rural labor force, most of researchers observe and analyse according to oneself to China in urban and rural areas experience of actual conditions, have got rid of Liu gradually -Fee -Draw simplicity old frame of dual economic structure mode, they propose many kinds of modes of migration in urban and rural areas under multiple economic structure to proceed from the reality. Domestic relevant research have Quartet structure or dual dual structure, trio economy structure, abnormal dual economy structure and trio labor force market in urban and rural areas to move models in two stage under the pattern. Form to Chinese current situation, characteristic and rural recessiveunemployment, rural labor force employment origin cause of formation analyse. The current situation of Chinese rural laborer's employment is that workforce resources of our country are very abundant, the people in the countryside accounted for 74% of the national population at the time of the fourth census of China of 1990. The total population of China was 130 million in 2005, the people in the countryside accounts for 58% of the national population in 2004. The characteristic of the Chinese rural laborer's employment is: (1) With definitely surplus to coexist as to surplus. (2) Rural laborer's surplus and urban workforce's surplus coexist. (3) Total amount surplus and structure coexist out-of-balance. (4) Labor force shortage in the developed area and the less advanced regional workforce's relative surplus coexist. (5) Workforce's surplus of domestic market and international keen competition of labor force market coexist. (6) The recessive unemployment comes into the open and contradiction after the social security system. The origin cause of formation of forming of China's rural recessive unemployment is: First, the development foundation of the rural economy is weak. Second, rural economic reform and development lag behind the city. Third, the urbanization lags behind in industrialized development for a long time. From two aspects of workforce supply and workforce demand, predict to analyses to Chinese rural laborer's employment state. In ten years of 2000-2010, the supply amount of the workforce of our country has been increasing constantly all the time, and up to 69.7 million in 2010, our country workforce demand amount moves ahead simultaneously and rises continuously too, up to 57 million in 2010, workforce's supply and demand difference is 12.7 million. Accord with supply and demand come to watch by two aspects, our country workforce state supply exceeds demand last a very long time, after reaching peak value in 2015, workforce's imbalance between supply and demand begins to keep slowing down, workforce's supply and demand amount are fair basically until 2030, employment gap is 4 million...