A Research On Peasant Workers' Social Security

Based on the assumption that economic sociology as rational choice theory perspective, through the establish-ment of a social security system for peasant workers to realize the value of the instrumental rationality and rational unity. Economic Sociology rational choice theory that the individual is an "economic people" and "social people" integration. As an " economic people " of peasant workers, they followed the minimum cost, the greatest profits, that the economic cost to the city to earn some money home to less than the cost of farming. As a "social people" they need the respect of society, peasant workers and city people equal sharing of the benefits of economic development. Therefore, the establishment of social security system for peasant workers is not only to solve the basic problems of peasant workers. but also is a reflect of a social equity and justice and is a symbol of social progress.Investment in human capital is a typical example of peasants rational choice. In the labor market, the role of human capital embodied in the form of economic return. And peasants in rural areas can not get corresponding economic returns, so they choose to work outside to seek higher rate of return on investments. This is the transfer of surplus rural labor to cities fundamental cause, as well as the theoretical reasons for peasant workers. In real life, the growing number of landless peasants, with a daily increasing pressure to survive. To work in cities has become the only way out for peasants. After entering the city, the living conditions of peasant workers is terrible. First is feeding, clothing and living on the unprotected and daily engaged in dirty, arbitrary, hard and dangerous work. Most peasant workers are working overtime, some of them even have no rest days, the wages were deducted by employers default. When they sick, they eat some medicine and not go to hospital.Therefore, it is necessary to establish a social security system for peasants. in theory, it is a prerequisite for the smooth power of capital investment protection. Since missing peasant workers in urban life withstand risks, and so peasants for the lack of security in the city, lead to an unstable state, with the result that peasants often changing enterprise unions. Therefore, enterprises and peasant workers generally will not sign a long-term contract and will not provide social security for peasant workers. This, in turn, stimulated the peasant workers instability eventually led to the two peasant workers and enterprises have damaged the interests of society "Prisoner's Dilemma"; In addition to establishing a social security system for peasants is to deepen rural reform, the basic needs of the development of modern agriculture. Peasants to work outside, not making the idle land to be the relative concentration of scale achieved in the production, hindered the development of modern agriculture, increasing the cost of rural reform. From a realistic point of view, the establishment of a social security system for peasants not only to accelerate the process of urbanization and led to the development of the rural economy, but also promote social stability and safeguard the basic rights of peasant workers in cities to protect social equality.Nevertheless, the establishment of a social security system for peasants is not an overnight thing. Beginning to implement the ideas and the process is fraught with all kinds of obstacles. First is the issue of funding. China's expenditure on social security has faced many difficulties. If the request for a huge number of peasant workers into the social security funds, it may make more difficult for some local. Second, some of the old structure is still the original exclusion of peasant workers. The system allows peasants in the housing, education, employment and so on have been unfair treatment, Increasing costs for peasants who work in cities. Moreover, the mobility of peasant workers, the workplace is not fixed. Easy to make the Social Security suspended, but the lack of the management mechanism of social security in transfer between urban and rural areas. Fourthly, the vast majority of employers in pursuit of profits and the lack of conscious awareness of the protection of peasant workers. Fifth, from the peasant workers themselves, because of a strong motivation to pursue current income, coupled with a lack of knowledge. So do not understand the social security. Afraid of the future, it will be hard to recover insurance money. Sixth, the current laws and regulations have a lack of protection of peasant workers, unable to protect the legitimate rights of peasant workers.Where the social security system of peasant workers is the way out? This issue has been a hot issue of academic and government sectors. In any case, the social security system of peasant workers needs to slowly groping for a gradual. I expound my personal views:First of all peasant workers should be established for the multi-level social security system. The basic standards to protect peasant workers from the basic living standards as the starting point, it is essential to include the establishment of industrial, medical, pension, unemployment insurance, a low level of all-round, multi-tiered peasant workers without missing social security system. Through the integration between the various levels, that is, to meet the minimum basic life insurance-based moving , to realize the connection with the urban social security system and eventually into the urban social security system to system.This article illustrates both the peasant workers as "economic" or "social", for them the social security system is indispensable. They only have access to the most basic life support, which we can achieve the organic unity of instrumental rationality and rational value. This is the only way they can have a real sense of equality. By the author of peasant workers in the field investigations and on the living conditions and the security situation of peasant workers, access to first-hand information. These are good arguments for providing a solid argument, the article is more convincing.The paper is able to integrate economic and social phenomena to study the question of social security for peasant workers,which making the establishment of the social security system of peasant workers has far-reaching significance : First, from an economic point of view, establishing a social security system for peasant workers to a certain extent, promoting the free flow of labor, stabilizes in the labor market supply-demand relationship. Also promoting the free flow of labor and human capital in terms of space and the optimal allocation and re-allocation of time. thus generate more economic value of human capital and promote economic development. Secondly, from a sociological point of view, the establishment of a social security system for peasant workers not only reflect the nature of the social security system. and better reflect the degree of social fairness. Fairness is a system of fair rules. It is a right to basic human dignity and basic rights guaranteed by the rules equal opportunity rules, in accordance with the rules of distribution and social contribution to the rules regulating the rules of common system components. Therefore, the study for the establishment of the social security system of peasant workers for social justice theory, social stability, healthy economic development has great significance.