The Choice Of Policy Instruments In Policy Networks: Problems Countermeasures And Enlightenment

The instrument of policy is the important means and mechanisms by which the government take a function on the society, and the function is playing an increasingly important role in the social life. Choosing an appropriate policy instrument for the government is play an important role in the management of the whole society, The development of the modern society, the propulsion of the democratization progress makes the government management activity not only the single-item of function, but also the government-social double activity.The choice of the policy instruments are not a single government function, but a process of the government, civil society interaction.Based on the reality of the changes of the society, This article analyses the policy instruments choice within analysis frame of the policy networks.This essay is divided into five parts:The first part The conceptual analysis of the policy networks and instrumentsIn this part, theories related to the policy networks and the policy instruments are mainly elaborated. Due to the important status in the article, the writer begins to analyze this problem with these two basic conceptions. Policy network is a fundamental analytical frame for analyzing the problem on the diverse benefits corpus participating a public policy, the analysis on the academic theories using this model help people better understand and explain the process of the public policy in the realistic society, but policy instrument is an important means and mechanism, by which government functions on the society. To some extent, The target of the public policy can attain, the purpose of the public policy can carry out, are greatly determined by the usage of the policy tool. Choosing the suitable policy instrument can make a policy from failure to success.The second part The relational mode between the policy network and the policy instrument The policy network is widespread exsiting and isn't a simple metaphor. In the realistic life, the policy network play an important function in each policy process. This article analyses the policy instruments choice within analysis frame of the policy network..According to these two variables involved and the cost of network classification policy, the policy of the network is divided into four types:Policy-affiliated network, dependent policy networks, self-organizing networks and policy-oriented policy networks. In the different types of policy instruments to analyze the choice , basic assumption of this text is that different types of policy network lays an obviously restriction to the choices of policy instrument ,in other words, different choices of policy instrument are based on the reality of the different policy instrumentsThe third part The dilemma of the policy instrument on the policy network choosingIn any kind of analysis model, have difficulties with the model itself. Network analysis is no exception.this article analyse the dilemma of the choices of policy tool mainly from the theories and operating levels .In theory, there is a diversity of interests. And the diversity of interests between the main choice is not able to lead the choices of policy tool to an optimize process, Instead, consider a coordinated balance between the interests of all parties in the process. Meanwhile the feasibility and effectiveness of policy tools also exist conflicts.the feasibility of general policy instruments is an analysis adopting the policy instrument , and effectiveness is a valuation after that.Therefore, there exists a contradiction and conflict. On the Operating level, it complex social life, the limitations of the policy instruments, and effectiveness of the implementation of policy instruments are existed.The forth part The tactial Analysis of the policy instruments on the policy network choosingAs for the problems to the choices of the policy instruments in the policy network, we take a further discussion on how the choices of the policy instrument in the policy network come out a predicament from the theories and the top of the operation level. Seeing from the theories level, we should examine the policy instrument, arrange the four kinds of research types of the policy instrument, realize the functional mechanism of the policy instrument, and associate the choice of the policy instrument, which is in order to bring it into full play; on the operating level, we should analyze to the execution of the policy instrument for the purpose of the better execution of the policy instrument through a performance, and evaluate the effects of the policy instrument.The fifth part conclusion and EnlightenmentAccoding to the analysis of the formal four parts, we have analyzed the dilemma when choosing the policy instrument and tactics to deal with the problems. Under analytical frame of the policy network, we have gained a deeper understanding of the choices of policy instruments and hopes that in the practice of government management, the function of diverse corpus will be fully fulfilled, creating the policy instrument suit to realities in China.