Comparison Research On China's And America's Investment Policy Of Defense Science And Technology

This paper conducts the comparison research on China`s and America`s investment policy of defense science and technology. Based on the study of evolutional history of the two countries` investment policy of defense science and technology, the author carries on the comparison research to policy formulation, the implementation of policy as well as the implemented effect according to the general theoretical model of research to the public policy, and proposes our countries` innovative countermeasures of the investment policy of defense science and technology. Through the comparison with the US, the main goal of the research is to discover the merits and the flaws of our countries` present investment policy of defense science and technology, and to seek the proper enlightenment and the experience that suits our countries` national condition.After having studied the evolutional history of China`s and America`s investment policy of defense science and technology, the author discovers that China`s investment in defense science and technology has experienced a process of early years of high investment and a reduction in large scale after the 1980s. Since entering the new century, because of the challenge of the worldwide new military revolution, China starts to increase the investment in defense science and technology and takes enhancing PLA`s operational capacity of information as the priority of the development of defense science and technology. Since the US government has led the development of defense science and technology after World War II, it continually increases the investment in defense science and technology in the cold war time until coming to the peak at the President Reagan time. After the cold war, the security situation of the world relaxes. But several countries such as Germany and Japan initiated powerful challenges to the American economy. US started to reduce the investment in defense science and technology in large scale. Simultaneously it paid great attention to the economic consideration, strengthened engineering research for the dual purpose and continued to increase the conversion of military technologies and facilities for civilian use dynamics. The occurrence of the"9.11"event makes US realize the importance of strengthening the homeland security. Then US started to increase its investment in defense science and technology in large scale and strengthened the research of anti-terrorist technology.The research indicates that China and America each has its good points in policy formulation and the implementation of investment in defense science and technology. And the effect of the investment in defense science and technology each country obtains also basically meets respective military needs. To be concretely said, the Policy Formulation, China adopts a kind of outstanding person decision-making pattern under the principle of the democratic centralism, while US is a kind of public choice pattern through a multi-dimensional policy-making game. Both countries have the fit and unfit quality. The Policy Implementation, the scale of China`s investment in defense science and technology falls far behind US, and the structure of the investment is also not reasonable. The disparity of the investment scale is caused by the inferiority of Chinese economic power as well as the difference of the two countries` investment systems of defense science and technology. At present China practices a kind of so-called"the Sole Main Body"investment systems of defense science and technology, while US is a kind of so-called"the Officials and People Unify"investment systems, in which the investment is mainly from the enterprise department. Through PPBS, US well realizes the mechanism of control, surveillance and plan in the investment management of defense science and technology, and gains higher efficiency. But the mechanism of surveillance and appraisal in China`s investment management of defense science and technology is imperfect. There is much malpractice, and the efficiency is lower. The Policy Effect, both China`s and America`s investment policy of defense science and technology basically have met their respective military needs and gained good military effect. But regarding the economic development and the technological advance, the US achievement of the investment policy of defense science and technology is higher. Our country still needs further improvement.After having conducted the comparison research to all the aspects of the two countries` investment policy of defense science and technology, the paper further proposes our countries` innovative countermeasures of the investment policy of defense science and technology in order to enhance strong points and avoid weaknesses. The countermeasures are as follows, accelerating diversified market investment, positively advancing investment structure of the defense science and technology reforming, to continue to promote achievements of the defense science and technology to be transformed, introducing the inspiriting mechanism to the investment in defense science and technology, and strengthening the theoretical research of the investment policy of defense science and technology.