A Comparative Study Of Official Consulting System Of Science & Technology Policy-making Between China And The United States

On the path of modernization of promoting the national management system and management ability, our country public administration is faced with complex social background and undertakes the task to comprehensively deepen reform. This directly increases the demand of the public policy makers to decision-making consultation. The importance of science and technology for national development determines the status of science and technology policy in public decision-making system. The game between the growing interest-related subject and the increasingly complex interest-related subject brings on the problems such as individuality, temporality and organizational dependency of the official science and technology policy advisory of our country. In order to promote the process of official technology consulting decision-making to be scientific and democratization and establish the official decision-making consultation mechanism in our country, this paper constructs a three-dimensional analysis framework, "mission management-operation management-result supervision". This framework is put forward on the basis of knowledge of public policy, organization theory. In the meantime, the framework provides theoretical support for the whole study.Official decision-making consultation institutions of science and technology play an important role in the decision-making system of our country. Take the "863 Plan" of our country and the NNI Science and Technology Plan of the US A as examples. Based on the deep description of the official technology decision consulting system of the two countries, this paper compares the two countries from the three dimensions above mentioned. The paper compares mission management from the angle of organizational objectives and role of science and technology experts. It compares management from the view of legal protection, research team, financing way and management mode. The article compares operation result supervision from the angle of achievements and responsibility. Through comparative analysis, the study suggests that ensuring science and technology experts "independence" and "neutrality", perfecting relevant law, regulation and policy system, optimizing governance mechanism, strengthening result supervision, setting up the science & technology advisory committee in the State Council are important to promote the development of official science and technology decision-making consultation.