Facts And Values: From Opposition To Reunification

Ideology, as the key of the overtop structure and value tropism for a country, plays an important role in the course of realizing and maintaining the gerentocratic interests since the appearance of the class needed society. Ideological and political education, as the tool to spread the ideology, always shows its advantages on the aspects of the social enlightenment, the value tropism and the enhancement of morality in order to realize the harmony and stability of the whole society. As the progressing of the history, the content of the ideological and political education is enriching. Because of the existence of the class promoting and hostility, the essence of ideological and political education does not change at all. The human society has crossed the feudalism and has entered the new time of the existing of both the capitalism and socialism. The socialist society appears in the human society with a totally new system and puts its ultimate objective as the human's freedom full scale development. However, the confrontation between the capitalism and the socialism still exists and becomes fierce. Before the realization of the communism for the human beings, the class promoting, as the main contradiction internationally, will exist for a long time. The reality determines that the ideological and political education must be in the course of the ideology enlightening for a long term. During the course, the main confrontations of the ideological and political education are the ideological enlightenment and the social enlightenment even though the content of the ideological and political education will be enriched and improved. Due to the difficulties and the misunderstanding faced by the ideological and political education at this time in our country, this paper explores the how to develop the ideological and political education at the new time based on the analysis of the realistic problems.The paper can be divided into the following parts:Firstly, the paper introduces the concepts of'fact'and'value'from the philosophical point of view, and analyzes the contradiction from the anatomical form in order to resolve the problem of the misunderstanding for the ideological and political education in reality. The keys of the ideological and political education are the country ideology, values and ethics. However, the subjectivity of the ideology, values and ethics drives people to pursue the economy benefits crazily in the market-economy so that some people hold the views of'the valueless of the ideological and political education'. The misunderstanding and distortion of the ideological and political education also come from the traditional knowledge for the subjectivity of the ideology and conception. Therefore, it is necessary to clear the misunderstanding. In this part, it presents the explanation of the'fact'and'value'from the philosophers in the west. However, due to the limitation of their research, they did not get the convincing answers. Based on the research, the practical theory of the Marxism provides the new explanation for us. It unifies completely and harmoniously the fact and value on the concept of human being-the practical subjective- from the view of practice. It provides the reasonable explanation of fact and value from the view of practical theory. Therefore, it denies the view of the valueless of ideological and political education and presents adequate evidence for the scientificallity of the ideological and political education.Secondly, the paper analyses the serious social realities faced by the ideological and political education. In the field of social science nowadays, the conflict between practical area and values area can be basically concluded as the confrontation between instrument rationality and the value rationality. Therefore, this part analyses the challenge faced by the ideological and political education from the concepts of the instrument rationality and the value rationality. Many Chinese researchers hold the opinion that the value tropism of the traditional ideological and political education is value rationality. This tropism plays an important role in the foundation and the early development of the country. However, because of the changing of the social environment and situation, the tropism is changing continuously, even changing to be the opposite. As the building of the socialist market-economy system, the idea of the market-economy has penetrated into the social fields of different kinds, including the ideological and political education. The trend of pursuing the direct economic benefits in the market-economy overwhelms the spirit production in the fields of the politics, culture and value. The ideological and political education turns to be the ideological desalinization and the alienation of the self animation. Particularly, guided by the policies of Focus on Economical Construction and corroded by the cultural colonialism, the ideological and political education loses itself gradually. The ideological and political education develops slowly due to the lack of the right judgments of the social environment.Finally, based on the analysis of the first two parts, it explores the approaches to develop the ideological and political education in the new time. On the foundation of analyzing the essential attributes and the primary missions of the ideological and political education, the aim and the developing direction of the ideological and political education in the new time are defined clearly and correctly. At the same time, this part analyzes the relationship between the instrument rationality and the value rationality of the ideological and political education. It is clear that the ideological and political education is the harmonious unification of purpose and means, the instrument rationality and the value rationality. Neither of them can be dispensable. In the multi-element environment around the world, there are comments on the value selection of the ideological and political education, including: to maintain the value tropism of country ideology, to lead the direction of the multi-element values, to build up the values system suited with our socialism and to reject the alienation of the ideological and political education. On the basis of removing the misunderstanding of the ideological and political education, it is necessary to resist the degeneration of the international cultural colonialism, to abandon the mammomism, individualism, hedonism, etc, to establish the value orientation of market-economy in order to guide the market-economy to develop along the way that is good for the socialism.