Research On The Theory Of Rozick Justice

Robert Nozick is a renowned philosopher of American on contemporary. With unique standpoint and the philosophy study spirit of judgment, he put forward a new angle of view for the thinking of justice problem, made contribution to improvement of justice theories, and promoted mankind's thinking to social justice into a deeper level. His representative work-《Anarchy, State and Utopia》(1974)is praised to one of the most outstanding books about political philosophy in the latter half of the 20th century, and won National Book Award in 1975.Based on the individual right, Nozick justice theory pays attention to justice rationality that the individual right be gained and protected. The justice theory hold that, whether the individual right is infringed, would be taken as the basic moral standard of the personal behavior and the national behavior. It is unjust that the individual right is infringed by state or individual. Obviously, these Nozick's thought had provided a strict philosophy system for contemporary Western political trends that defend market economy movement based on the private ownership and the limit government authority over expansion. We may not agree Nozick's extreme viewpoint, but we are unable to neglect his theory actually, when facing the market economy foundation of the private property and the restricted government.This paper mainly divides into four parts: The first part mainly elaborated history cultural context which Nozick justice theory advances. The second part concentrated on discussing the foundation of Nozick's theory system from individual rights connotation, individual rights moral foundation and individual rights protection. Nozick think individual person has absolute rights, these rights boundary, has not passed through the right owner's free agreement, is any other people or the state power all cannot exceed willfully. State only is the tool of protecting individual rights, and the powers of State would be minimal. The third part is main part, it elaborate important content of Nozick justice theory , Including to discuss three justice principles and characteristic of the holding justice, analyze Nozick to challenge Rawls justice theory with historical principles and non-pattern principles, and that made his justice theory clearer and deeper. Last part of the paper appraise Nozicks justice theory, point out its limitation, simultaneously affirm also the significance and the practice value.