The Research Of Nozick's Justice Theory

Contemporarily, Robert Nozick is a well-known philosopher and ethicist in the United States. He publishes seven books all his life. "Anarchy, State and Utopia" is the most important representative work of him. After the publication in 1974 ,it caused intense concern of the academic community and the public ,and just over one year, it was awarded the United States Book Award. In this book, Nozick describes his justice theory in detail, making use of the unique way of writing and methods of demonstration.Nozick specifies the thinking of individual rights and relations between the countries in order to describe his justice theory. He expands the applicability of moral marginal constraints from human-to-human to country-to-individual, and the realization of justice will depend on whether the country infringes the rights of human or not, whether it is in excess of "the limits" of its action or not. His justice principle concerns not the distributive state of that time, but its history. As long as the principle of justice's acquisition and transference is fulfilled, regardless of the gap of the current interests distribution is small or big, the country should not or have no right to interfere . Of course, Nozick's view has its own flaws, but his justice theory remains valuable. In China, the market economy becomes mature gradually, it has increased the requirements for individual rights, in particular individual property rights protection. The implementation of "Property Law" also shows people's will. This is in accordance with Nozick's view. Moreover, with the deepening of economic reform, it is necessary to make the corresponding changes of political system. The view of the country with the weakest significance proposed by Nozick. has a certain suggestive function on China's current construction of a service-oriented government and the realization of "small government, big society".This article includes four parts: The first part briefly reviews the generation and development of justice theory and the contents the contemporary justice theory involved, and analyzes the current status of research and the approach to the study in this article. The second part describes an important view of Nozick's justice theory, that is the weakest significant country. In this process of argument, he is trying to prove that only his principle of justice can not infringe on the individual rights, and the country which is not likely to infringe upon the individual rights can exist. The third part discusses the core of Nozick's justice theory, that is the acquisition,transference and correction of the justice principle and its rationality. To the end with a brief analysis of the differences with Rolls. The fourth part concludes the affection of justice theory, as well as some inspirations for problems on China's current protection of individual rights, the changes of government functions and the field of distribution.