Study On The Social Capital In Public Crisis Management In China

During the social transition period, china is in a"non-stable state". Development, integration and distribution of social resources, social crisis response capabilities improvement are the major contents of our public crisis management. Pubic crisis management is a significant area of public management. The main, the object or the process of public crisis management has a certain social characteristic. The public crisis management's object - public crisis is destructive, uncertainty and social characteristics. People should call all social resources for crisis prevention, crisis response and crisis recovery. Social capital is in order to achieve the purpose of called social structural resources. From the perspective of social capital, in public crisis management, to analyze on the social foundation of public crisis, to call social forces and improve performance of public crisis management is of great realistic significance and theoretical significance.There are four parts in the text:Firstly, explain the meaning of the social capital for public crisis management under the linguistic context of e-government. Public crisis management is the management of public crisis activities, the characteristics of public crisis make a series of special requirements which is different from other public crisis activities, and in particular, public crisis socialization demands that it needs social structure, the informal system of social and psychological conditions as a foundation. Social capital -the called social structural resource is to achieve the purpose which is to provide pubic safety service to the public, to maintain social order, social security and social stability, protect the lives and property safety of the public and to minimize the damage to the interests of the public in the crisis situation. Social capital is divided to two micro- analytical level and macro-analytical level. Public crisis management objectives and participates provide specific missions and carriers, thus, the social capital in the public crisis management has specific meaning and manifestations. The trust in public crisis management can roughly be divided into the Government's trust in non-governmental organizations, the public's trust in the government, the public's trust in the civil society organizations and the general public trust in public crisis management. The norms are reciprocity norms of public crisis management .The network mainly refer to public participation in the network .Microscopic social capital in the public crisis management is personal social network.Secondly, the role of social capital in public crisis management. Social capital is called social structural resources which are used in public crisis management, for a certain purpose to provide public security services. Social capital in public crisis management can be divided into the role of the macro and micro levels. Trust, norms and networks in public crisis management play the roles: the public's trust in the Government is as a"buffer", a"binder"or a"painkillers"in crisis prevention, crisis response and crisis recovery; the public'trust in civil society organizations is the basis for the existence of civil society organizations, which helps orderly participation in public crisis management in China; the survival and the role of play of civil society organizations depends on the trust of its government; trust among citizens help go beyond crisis management in the public's collective predicament. Norms in the public crisis management are in favor of reducing transaction costs. Civil society organizations in public crisis management are in favor of collecting, collating and disseminating information directly or indirectly. Micro-level social capital-Social are important channels for individuals to obtain social support.Thirdly, the performance and reasons of social capital loss in our public crisis management. The social capital loss in our public crisis management performs as trust, norm, network and Personal social network. Trust is the subjective level; only in specific acts can be understood. Deficiencies of trust in public crisis management act as the public's diffidence on the government. Mainly because the government and the staff have little conception of the crisis damage, ignore people's health, life safety and the public's right to know, participate and supervise, and the public commitment not kept;the lack of trust of civil society organizations, mainly because the civil society organizations lack of professional maturity. The public's distrust of civil society organizations, mainly because the registration of civil society organizations is illegal, not publicized; the distrust between different individuals in public crisis, just because of the neterogenization between different members. Norm loss constitutes moral and law loss. Moral loss is due to people's understanding limitation, the main legal deficiencies of public crisis management are because there is not a clear and general- plight in the formulation of public crisis law. The loss of social network is the incomplete of traditional social relation network and few quantities of civil society organizations. The incomplete traditional social network is mainly because the urban-rural dual structure, the civil society organizations is because of excessive government control. Personal social network, migrant workers, the people in rural areas and urban laid-off staff presence cause of the lack of social networksFourthly, ways of social capital to improve the performance of our public crisis management. The deficiency of social capital in China nowadays, contributes to a limitation to the performance of the public crisis management. Government should make great efforts to strengthen the performance of social capital in the public crisis management. The main methods are four: Improve government credibility, so as to strengthen the system construction of the social credit; Improving related legal regime of the public crisis management, so as to define the active boundary between the government and the civil society in the public crisis management; Raising and developing civil society organizations to expand the participation strength of the civil society in the public crisis management; Improving the crisis relief system based on fair to make up the insufficiency of the social capital in the resources deployment aspect.