A Research On Marx's Humanitarianism

Humanitarianism in the West is one well-established cultural ideological trend. It appears officially in 14 century's ends. Along with the historical development and the evolution, once appeared have had the different faction and the guiding ideology humanitarianism ideological trend. Marx under the Western philosophy's influence, its thought development has experienced one from the idealism, revolutionary democracy to the materialism and the communism developing process. Looking from this process, Marx ever has not given up the humanitarianism spirit, published in 1845 "before Feuerbach's Compendium", Marx's belief is humanitarianism.When Marx is the idealist person and revolutionary nationality person's time, the 18th century Enlightenment's humanitarianism thought that Germany Hegelian philosophy and the Feuerbach philosophy have had the profound influence to Marx, he not only has had the abstract person and the human nature viewpoint, but also once used the human nature disassimilation the thought to explain realistic social and future communism system. Afterward received the revolutionary form and Feuerbach's influence, Marx starts to vacillate to the Hegelian philosophy belief, changed the materialism from the idealism, and surpassed Feuerbach's humanitarianism gradually. In "in 1844 Economic Philosophy Draft manuscript" Marx's humanitarianism thought was more obvious, humanitarianism was one of its primary coverages, its right"disassimilation work"and"communism"and so on elaboration, has manifested the humanitarianism spirit. On Marx, his humanitarianism is not person's rational disassimilation theory, but is person's work disassimilation theory, this is Marx the work disassimilation which theory "Economic Philosophy Draft manuscript indicated in 1844", Therefore, this process is the process which the work disassimilation and develops the good and discard the bad, namely socialism substitution capitalism process. But this time he has not gotten rid of the historical idealism, but pauses in the utopian socialism level, but this viewpoint broke through the psychic rationality to transit the work, therefore the materialism history viewpoint was born. Obviously, Marxism's birth process is changes the materialism conception of history from the humanitarianism conception of history. But the concrete study, he opposes, the abandonment is only the humanitarianism conception of history, but is not processes the social life and the interpersonal relationship humanitarianism principle and the humanity principle.As for Marx humanitarianism content, then mainly manifests in four aspects: First manifests in Marx about the person, the human nature and in person's essence elaboration. Former humanitarianism always abstractly regards the human, has not regarded as the reality human nature is the day after tomorrow practices and certain social relations product, but Marx thought that the work practice and the sociality are person's essence:"person's essence is not single person inherent abstract. In its feasibility, it is all social relations sum total"[1]. Next, it manifests in Marx about person's value and the status elaboration. Marx criticizes the capitalist society to reduce to the proletarian the tool, reduces to inhuman the human, proposed that should enslave them from the capital extricates, strives for the human rights and the status. Once more, Marx opposed abstracts with the fantasy universal love principle, insisted the humanity and the social class unify the principle, has provided a scientific ethics criterion for the establishment humanity's reciprocity. Finally, Marx's humanitarianism thought also manifests in about the emancipation of mankind and in person's full scale development theory. Humanity's liberation including political, economical, spiritual and work liberation, is also:"enables each members of different social classes to develop and to display his complete strength and the ability completely freely"[2].Marx's humanitarianism theory establishment, since and inherits to the tradition humanitarianism's critique, is also to its comprehensive surmounting and the development. At the same time, Marx has inherited the former humanitarianism reasonable factor: If the former humanitarianism's core principle, namely all people being equal, respects individual, the human, when the human looked; As well as former humanitarianism general essence. Namely to person's kind of essence and the ideal human nature one kind diligently with the pursue, and explains its person of study thought from the value stratification plane. On the other hand, Marx's humanitarianism thought is also to Western tradition humanitarianism comprehensive surmounting. First Marx has surmounted the former humanitarianism non-sociality; No matter former humanitarianism the person understanding is"the natural person""the rational person", is not person's reality society's essence, but Marx the person understanding is"the social person", has the social difference existence, thus has realized Marx in the human study and in the humanitarianism question radical transformation. Next, Marx has developed the good and discard the bad the former humanitarianism non-historicity. Former humanitarianism regards as the human by single person inherent some to be separated from the historical process"the attribute","the invariable natural disposition", but Marx will study the basic point places the discussion"person's world"and the exposition"the residential society"in secret, what he studies human who is under the controlled condition realistic, to have historically. Once more, Marx has developed the good and discard the bad the former humanitarianism non-practicality, looks like in Marx, the human is the human who is engaged in practice, humanitarianism is causes the extant world revolutionization through proletariat's revolutionary practice, the change world present situation. Finally, Marx has developed the good and discard the bad the former humanitarianism non-scientific nature. Former humanitarianism its own achievement one conception of history, then can only be one kind of historical idealism, is the non-science viewpoint, but only then takes it as one ethics principle is may inherit and develop.In brief, the Marxism person study thought has is different stipulated in the former humanitarianism special connotation and the essence, in the critique with inherits in the foundation has realized to tradition humanitarianism comprehensive surmounting.