The Construction Of Northeast Asia Security: From Multilevel Games To The Construction Of Regimes

The peace and the development have become the mutual recognitions of majority nations in our world. However, the problem of security underlines under the international environment of the peace and the development. We find that the threat of non-traditional security suspends in front of people in the situation of that the threat of traditional security is still puzzling many regions. The situation of security in the region of Northeast Asia is especially urgent. In the situation of international anarchy, the security dilemma of the Northeast Asia produces and becomes the key factor that puzzles the countries in this region because of the flaw of the mutual confidence mechanism among countries. This article comprehensively uses the method of the game theory and the regime cooperation theory to inquire into the way of that constructs the security mechanism of Northeast Asia from the cooperative security's angle. This article advocates that advance the construction of regimes with multilevel games and guarantee the smooth advancing of various countries' games with the perfect construction of regimes. In view of the positive role that the existing mechanism of the Six Party Talks displays in the process of solving the North Korea's Nuclear Issue, this article inquires the possibility of making the Six Party Talks become the multilateral security mechanism of Northeast Asia in the base of the fruit of various countries' scholars. And this article will make the theory and the practice unify and make the institution construction of moving toward the multilevel games to the construction of regimes used to the regimes' construction of the Six Party Talks.First, Security Dilemma: IntricateSecurity Situation of Northeast AsiaThe use history of security is complex and scholars don't agree in understanding its connotation, and the scope of the security's concept has had the tendency which expands unceasingly especially since the cold war. Today, the traditional military field of security has appeared too narrow, and the security in the domain of politics, economy, culture, environment, network and so on starts to underline. This article believes that the Copenhagen School's limitation and analysis of security are in keeping with current development. The security dilemma is an important concept in international security studies. It forms under the international anarchy and the cause is the flaw of the mutual trust mechanism among countries.The Securitization and the Desecuritization are important theory unit of the Copenhagen school. The security is one kind of self-reference practice to the Copenhagen school. That in practice this question turns into security affairs which is Securitization. This is not only because that a true "existential threat" exists but also because this question is raised as a threat. However, the Copenhagen school draws the conclusion basing on analyzing questions in the process of the Securitization: The national security should not be idealized and it is by no means that the security is better more and more, and the Desecuritization is the most super choice in the long time.Presently, the Northeastern Asia not only has intricately historical questions but also has oppositely realistic dispute. These contradictions interweave complexly and make the security of the Northeastern Asia fall into dilemma. The security dilemma's causes of the Northeastern Asia are various. That not only has unit stratification reasons of geography conflict among various strength unit and the minority authority unit excessively pursuing strength and so on, but also have system stratification reasons of the local strength being unbalanced which is caused by the disintegration of bipolarity and the tendency of strength multipolarization and so on. However, the most essential reason is the flaw of the trust mechanism among countries. Second, Cooperative Security: the WayChoice of the Security Northeast AsiaIn the domain of international relations, the argument about international cooperation is exceptionally intense, and the debate between neo-realism and neo-liberalism is the main form. The hegemonic stability theory of neo-realism insists that the cooperation among countries is determined by the existence of hegemonic country which has hegemony. In the hegemonic stability theory's opinion, when the hegemonic country which has formidable strength and dare to use their strength exists, it formulates the international mechanism and realizes the international cooperation. The neo-liberalism also acknowledge that the hegemonic country can cause the cooperation, however, they raise the question that how does the cooperation realize when the hegemonic country doesn't exist which demonstrates that the hegemonic country is not the essential condition and the sufficient condition of the cooperation. They propose the method of game theory and regime theory to explain how the cooperation realizes after hegemony. Robert·Axelrod thought that under the environment which the game may duplicate, the rational selfish country may realize cooperation through the interaction under the anarchy and form regimes utilize the reciprocal benefit strategy. Robert·Keohane thought that the international mechanism may overcome some questions which in the political nature that the market malfunction brings, thus the international society may realize the cooperation after the hegemony declines . However, the game theory which uses the redundant and the reciprocal benefit strategy is not the complete strategy to promote the cooperation. The game condition which is suitable to the reciprocal benefit strategy will limit its effect. Therefore, the reciprocal benefit strategy should become institution, also is which we said the multiple games should make great strides towards the system construction direction. The specific measures are the discovery and develop sharing or the common interest unceasingly, strengthens the information communication and coordination, by some behaviors close interaction supplemented the hegemony country's role, retaliates to the mutinous behavior by the collective strength.Third, the Six Party Talks: the Reality Choice of the Construction on the Security of Northeast AsiaThe six party talks was originally the mechanism of solving North Korean Nuclear Issue. Taking the six party talks as the platform through dialogue, consultation, and peaceful settlement the North Korean Nuclear Issue has become all quarters the mutual recognition. Basing on the six party talk's positive role in solving the North Korean Nuclear Issue, some important government person and the scholar of the related countries propose the conception that makes the six party talks rise for the Northeast Asia area multilateral security mechanism. This is no doubt in accordance with the international tidal current and the security requirements of the Northeast Asia area. The key problem is how to operate; the article thought that synthetically utilize game theory and the regimes cooperation theory is the most ideal method. The six party talks causes the long time horizon multiple to game between all quarters into possibly. Taking the talks as the platform, the exchange, the coordination and adjusts among all quarters become into the habit. Through contrast of the income about betrays and cooperates, they will even more favor the cooperation. However, the six party talks is also a quite loose mechanism. In order to make it better restraint various country's behavior and develop for the Northeast Asia multilateral security mechanisms in the future, we must strengthen its system construction. At the first, we must follow the principle which proceeds in an orderly way, establishment mutual confidence among all discusses quarters. All quarters should abandon the cold war thought, strengthen the exchange and the transparency of the information, promote the communication and the understanding, seek the benefit conjunction spot diligently between each other's, lay the good foundation for the cooperation. At the same time, China should be positive to play the leading role. Second, we should strengthen the mechanism construction of the six party talks, promote the six party talks'development for the official multilateral security mechanism, make each domain's cooperation institution, and guarantee the cooperation's realization by the reasonable sanction mechanism.