The Social Causes And Countermeasures Of "the First In Command" Corruption

Corruption has always been the hot issue of society and the topic of academe. With regard to this subject, scholars of politics and economics have done extensive studies and achieved so much. However, most of the current researches are lack of integrations, confining the work to their own fields, which weakens the theoretical penetrability as a whole. For example, the study on corruption crime written by Ms. LinZhe, which is based on the facts and characteristics of the corruption in the transferring periods, sets forth the reasons for the corruption and at last puts forward the theoretical tactics and strategies to control corruption from the angel of social politics. Meanwhile, economists have broken the traditional boundary of economic field and try to do some researches into this problem that belongs particularly to politics by means of economical tolls. For example, the economical analysis of corruption written by Mr. Zheng Liping, using economical methods—"individual sensitivity"and"cost—profit", exposes the reasons for general corruption.This essay, combining politics and economics together and picking"The first in command"as a specific sample, tries to explore social reasons and then take steps to prevent the occurrence of the corruption crimes by using the economical tool—"cost -profit" .This essay is consists of four parts:The first part is the elementary concept of corruption. It begins with the origin of the corruption concept, and then explain the concept from different subjects (politics,economics,sociology and so on). At last, I sum up the composing characteristics of this kind of crime, that is, the concept of corruption crime.The second part is the illumination of the characteristics of the corruption crime and its serious harms. First, by analyzing some typical newly-happened corruption cases of"the fist in command", I summarize five characteristics of the corruption crime: from the aspect of the committing field, it always centralizes on some key positions and shows a trend of"hotspot"; from the styles of the committing field, economical cases stay a high level, at the same time, it exhibits a multiple trend and so forth. Finally, I conclude the particular social harms that corruption of"The first in command"done to the whole society.In the third part I analyze the social causes of"the first in command"corruption. According to Marxism historicism,"the first in command"corruption crimes should be put into the changing process of the social economy and politics. It should begin with the economical aspect because it is the foundation of society. In my opinion, dual-orbit system is the condition of"the first in command"corruption; furthermore, the"cost-profit"of corruption connects closely with its occurrence probability. The lower corruption costs and more profits are, the higher probability of its occurrence is. Therefore, I make a"cost-profit"analysis of"the first in command"corruption. From the angel of politics, I attribute the causes of corruption to the centralizing of powers and lacking of supervision.The last part is the measures to prevent"the first in command"corruption. Chairman Hu Jintao points out that enhancing anti-corruption is of vital importance for strengthening our reign and improving our leadership. According to the international anti-corruption practices, there are two ways to keep away corruption: one is how to make people not want to abuse their powers; another is how to make the power not to be abused to the largest extent. The former one can be reached through the methods such as education,high salary; The latter one can be accomplished by the supervision on the officials'selection and their powers. Therefore, basing on current social conditions, I put up the policies as high salary for a clean government, and strengthen the restriction and supervision of"the first in command'in order to prevent corruption crime.