System Construction And Social Justice In The Sight Of Marxism

The realistic person is the humanity, the social colony and the individual disposition unified ternary existence. Therefore human's freedom and liberation presents for ternary freedom and liberation. And human's freedom and liberation is the measure of social progress and social justice, because the social progress must carry out human's freedom and liberation completely, simultaneously the justness of social system and rule conducive to the promotion of human's freedom and liberation. Since modern times in the three levels of human's freedom and liberation, because of gradually formed individual dependence to thing and independence to society individual freedom and liberation increasingly falls into the universal dissimilation and one-sidedness, thus causes the current humanity to fall into many difficult positions, and affects gradually the human's further freedom and liberation. Currently in this complicated conflict's world, the true development must take the more just social system and rule as the intrinsic incentive mechanism, simultaneously also only then establish the more just social system and rule, human's modernization (free full scale development) can obtain the solid foundation.To establish a more just social system and rule, the breakthrough point must be the human, moreover is the human of the current specific historical stage, while Marx believed that Humanity is constantly changing, therefore we must study the humanity of the current specific stage. In connection with the human reality, studying the evolution of selfishness in the humanity and confirming the humanity of the current stage is the key to solve problem further. Human initially (in the late primitive society, may be even earlier) is not selfish, gradually developed to has the selfishness, and have gradually increased their selfishness, and will eventually develop to maximize the selfishness, that is selfless, and the current stage's humanity is selfish. The cooperation is the premise for the existence of human society, and justice means the universal social cooperation from the behavior choice, but currently tacking thing dependence as foundation person's independent existence modality, as well as the current stage specific humanity - - rationality adds selfishness, making individual choices always acts to maximize its own interests, and often refuses to cooperate, and attributed to the emergence of the current plight of human being.Regarding the lack of social cooperation, the key is to find the road to cooperation. Specific humanity at this stage can not be changed in the short term, then only through regulating widespread uncooperative behavior in human society, only then has the possibility to go out the predicament. With the classical Prisoner's Dilemma model in Game theory, can be found it is difficult to have cooperation in a one-off game within the game, and can only in the environment there of repeated game can be cooperation, but frequently need the involvement of external forces so that the parties can have cooperation. Therefore, to establishing an effective reward and punishment mechanism is the key of the construction of just social system and rule.It contains the moral demand in the process of repeated game, it establishes as a prerequisite to the possibility that the game participants mutually punish opposite party immoral behavior in the process of repeated game, so it is heteronymous moral. Specific to the system level, I think we can establish some individual credibility system in the whole of society to form a stable long-term repeated Game environment, thereby effectively regulate all kinds of uncooperative behavior. the moral can break Prisoner's Dilemma problem, but the moral constraint has the limitation, when the benefits from immoral behaviors are more than moral satisfaction, the role of moral constraint will be invalid. At this time it needs more powerful external coercive power to makes up the lack of moral regulation.State (government) is the most important form in the external coercive power, the state (government) as external coercive power is powerful and it is direct and realistic to reward and punish the members of the society, when the punishment from the state (government) to the uncooperative behavior of members of society is greater than the interests from the non-cooperative behavior, can effectively avoid the emergence of uncooperative behavior. But the state (government) have a huge public power, and state agencies, government departments are composed by only very few people of the society, it is very likely to present power rent-seeking phenomenon in these public officer who have power, so we must strictly regulate the behaviors of public officials in state (government) .In addition, in the current world states each does things in its own way are unable to reach a consensus on global issues, such as exhaustion of resources, environmental pollution, arms race, trade friction and other issues. To effectively address these challenges, a strong "world government" seems to be necessary, but now more likely prospect is some "superpower" coexistence, is the game situation of both mutual cooperation and mutual struggle, which certainly not the root of the problem, but helps to simplify the issues, to find a way that is more acceptable to all parties. But one thing is certain, in the long term the political integration of the world is an inevitable development trend. When world politics achieves the integration, state will die out, and communism will come true for all human being.Finally, although the state (government) as an external coercive power can be effectively avoided the appearance of many plight, but the functions of the state (government) can not infinitely increase, because the operation of the state (government) needs vast cost, the more complex and excessive the functions of the state, the great the cost, it can be said this is indirect waste of social wealth, and it is not consistent with the justice. State (government) the existence of external coercive power is not to punish for punishment, and ultimately to enhance individual moral self-discipline. After all, morality is the most economical, its existence and maintenance nearly do not need the cost. More ideal society is individual moral self-discipline relatively high society. Therefore, from the orientation of social development, only continuous growth of the moral self-discipline is consistent with the direction of human development. Human social system and rule tend to be arranged for bidirectional positive cycle of heteronomy of external coercive power– moral heteronomy - moral self-discipline. Along with the growth of human moral self-discipline, under insuring social universal cooperation, the state (government) as external coercive power tend to be simplified, and ultimately die out. At this time, all human being realize communism, society achieve complete justice, human win complete freedom.