The Sacrifice Circle And The Jesuits: The Rural Social Organization And Its Transformation In China

The rural social organization is one kind of public space of the residents' activities, also is an important vehicle for the maintenance of the space order of rural society. Along with the modern state construction happened, the intrinsic operating logic and organizational mechanism of the rural social organization also changed accordingly in the general background of the interaction between the state and the society. The article may be seen as the first step to study on this intrinsic logic.Taking one form of the rural social organization as a case and the modern state construction as the angle of view, the article analyzes some problems such as their self-evolvement, ceremonial structure, organizational principle, operating logic etc., through describing and interpreting such aspects as development motivation, situation, evolvement mechanism of the sacrifice circle and the Jesuits. The article intends to show the intrinsic evolvement logic and relevant constructive principle of the rural social organization in the mechanism of modern state construction.The article comes to the conclusion that in the self-evolvement of the rural social organization, the different connotation of both survival technologies, which are expectation of keeping alive and aspiration of bettering life existence, is the endogenous "the spirit of gift", and the power technology appearing in the process of the modern state construction is the exogenous "the spirit of gift". Under this situation, the development of the rural social organization gradually follow the principles such as the combination of autonomy and guidance, the combination of professional cooperation and various cultivation, the combination of system construction and voluntary cooperation and division, and moral reciprocity.