On The Japanese Government Institution Reform Since The Five-Five-Year Frame

Japan's institutional reform, as an important component of the administrative reform, affected deeply by Japan special economic development model, democratic political system and the trait of culture, reflects the characteristics of its distinctive nation and the times. First of all, Japan's government-led economic development model makes Japan's administrative system in the post-war be the inclination of "the centralization of power" and difficult to inhibit the swelling. Secondly, the Liberal Democratic Party politics, "one party superior" and long-term governing situation are the main reasons of the full integration among bureaucrats, politicians and of economic organizations, which deep-rooted and impedes the process of reform. Again, the inclination of collectivism on the Japanese culture is the important factor impact not only in forming administrative system, but also in institutional reform.The dominated line of institutional reform in Japan is the situation of economic development. Japan experienced a rapid development period, low-speed development period and the economic downturn period, and institutional reform has undergone a corresponding expansion and anti-expansion period, the internal adjustment period, the super ministry system reform period, but the impact of the economic development on the institutional reform of is not direct, moreover it always manifests through a period of "delay-effect".The Japanese government institutional reform have encountered numerous difficulties and problems, such as the vicious cycle " expansion - cutting - expansion" , the serious cross in the functions among departments, the low- efficiency of administration and so on, while the Japanese government has also explored a wide range of reforms and means, and has accumulated rich experiences and lessons. The similarities between China and Japan are a lot in economic development model ,culture, and the experiences and lessons in Japan's reform are significant for china on institution, especially on the current super ministry system reform .At the same time, it was also the subject from the political system, cultural features and characteristics of cross-time effects reflect distinct personality characteristics, such as on the ways and means, "Review" mode, one-step strategy, continuing-promote pattern. Of course, a distinct personality, on the other hand is precisely reflected the inherent regularity, that is, the success or failure of institutional reform depends on the intrinsic links between it and economic developments, the transformation of government functions, political led.