A Discussion On The Standard Framework Of The Equalization Of Basic Public Services

Our economy and society has developed rapidly when the policy of reform and opening but it can not bring out the widespread improvement of our welfare for correspondingly. The inhabitants in the urban and rural, although they live in the same area, are treated differently in public goods they should have. It not only disobeys just rules but also leads to the loss of economic efficiency, but also affects the progress of realizing our all-round comfortable life and building our harmonious society in a certain degree. Our government has taken many necessary measures in recent years to eliminate the unfair incoming distribution between the urban and rural inhabitants, to resolve the imbalance of economic development, etc. Although some success has been won, there is some distance to gain the aim of social balance, especially the aim of balancing the economy and society of the urban and rural. Thus this thesis hope to find an efficient approach to realize our social balanced development by studying a standard framework of the equalization of basic public services between the urban and the rural, which has certain reference significance to our governments.This dissertation has three parts.In the theoretical part, it defines the equalization of basic public services and its connotion with the western public goods theory; analyzes deeply the questions caused by the equalization of basic public services, and agrees that what the equalization of basic public services reflects is a development idea of fairness and justice which is consistent with our socialist essence and the development aim of our harmonious society.In the part of analyzing the standard framework of the equalization of basic public services, by the means of quantitative analysis methods- the weighted average method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, it studies deeply and analyzes the principles of standards and the priorities of basic public goods, and designs a standard framework of the equalization of basic public services from a macroscopic angle correspondingly. In the meanwhile, it analyzes that the difficulties of implementing the balanced supplying exist in the reality of the imbalanced supplying and the disability of applying public services. The reasons for these difficulties are manifold, including differences in natural conditions, "Agricultural Support Industry" and "efficiency first" problems, the central and local financial resources and expenditure responsibilities of the asymmetry and the urban-rural dual system of public service supply, realistically and historically.To realize the aim of the equalization of basic public services, first of all, our government should establish the basic ideas of the equalization of basic public services, civil rights and fairness, and handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency well. Secondly, our government should design a fine system of the equalization of basic public services from three aspects, by balancing urban and rural development, improving and perfecting the equalization transfer payment system, building a new central-local relationship. Thirdly, our government should also improve the operational mechanisms, including the reconstruction of the decision-making mechanism for the supply of basic public services, building an indicator system for the balanced supplying of basic public goods, improving the incentive and restrictive mechanism.