Study On The Rural Governance By The Influence Of Elitists Outflow

By the reason of the impact of market economy and the attraction of the urban advantageous resources, many elitists flow out, finally the "no elitists" situation affect the effective rural governance. Take the X village as a sample, by the means of questionnaire, Depth interview, Field observation etc., the author analyses the influence of rural governance elements in X village by the elitists outflow, and discuss the up-grading countermeasures in current social ecological background, basing on the rural governance elements theory of Dong LeiMing and He XueFeng.From the statistic data of X village, the political elite, economic elite and cultural elite flow out by the different degree, their purpose are about types:pursuing property, achieving themselves and future generations. In addition, less land, low efficiency which lead to low income are the reason too. The elitists outflow of X village affect the rural governance. First,a large number of elite outflow reduce the ability of independent production order, then cause basic economic, political and cultural order out-of-balance. For example, in the aspect of economic order, the "food economy" become into "poplar economy", land utilization is reduced; in the aspect of political order, the villagers self-government can't do its work, and the national policies can't carry out in the X village; in the aspect of cultural order, excellent traditional culture come down, the main force of culture loss, the benighted culture come out, and then, anomie and conflict. Second, the double role of village cadre become weakened and disordered, there are no way to realize the national policy to promote agricultural production and effective organization management. The overall quality of village cadres are not high, the role are not clear, the income is low, and the reduced social benefits, economic benefits cause the serious shortage of the power of village cadres. Third, a large number of elitists flow out make the villages and towns relations change from the strong village-weak town pattern to the balance, an then to the weak village-weak town pattern.The elite outflow in X village lead to various influence, just keep the left-behind elite or recall outflow elite can't solve the fundamental problem, it need to consider the village's land mechanism,political socialization problems and to promote urbanization under the right conditions. First, it need to enlighten and strengthen the villagers modern political consciousness, enhance the village cadres team, and then promote other elite groups transform to political elite. Second, by the base of service-oriented society governance, form the three village committees to exercise power respectively, such as the decision-making, execution, supervision power.Third, by the changing of the land management pattern, in the form of shares by the village or the economic elite business acquaintances, promote intensive land management, while increasing income. Gradually restore economic order, political order and cultural order. Last, promote the reform of rural urbanization,reduce the gap between urban and rural areas gradually, provide good conditions for outside elite, then attract the outside elite reflux or investment. Eventually, promote the formation of a new order in development, and form a new pattern of rural governance.