Comment On Zhu Xi's Academic Teaching Ideology

The present paper discusses the farmous educator, Zhu Xi (During the period of Nan Song) ,who formed the teaching ideology himself in the long term of teaching practice. It contains five parts. The first part analysizes the historical conditions and causes of Zhu Xi Academy in the course of formation. It suggests that the passing-on of ancient cultural tradition and the social economical development of Nan Song are based on the educational, ideology of Zhu Xi Academy. The demand and corruption in politics and the decayed imperial examination system are the motive force for the formation of it, the development of the acedmic, ideology and the constant concern of Zhu Xi about it are the direct cause of the formation .The second part is about the teaching purpose. Zhu Xi accepted " of Sensible Persons" as the educational purpose . He thought the teaching methos used was to teach scholars to do things rigidly adhering to the social doctrine. He emphasized people should be healthy , physically and spiritually . Man should be patient and it is not right to be discontent or angry at the social conditions and life styles. He believed that the Confucian principles were the way which should be obeyed by followers .In this way, there will be a lot of talents who can continue the feudal system , shaking up the decaying situation of Nan Song . The third part is the manin content of Zhu Xi. It points out the content of Zhu Xi Academy is the same as in universities now. It not only includes "Four Books" , "Five Classics" but also "Six Skills" .Also, it is involved in the field of astronomy, geography , social customs , military matters and penalty , etc. The key content of the whole article is focused on the fourth part. The author mainly analysizes and summarizes the ideology in six aspects. They are as follows : a) Teachers' explanation on knowledge is one of the characteristics. Teaching and learning is intergrated each other. Knowing something completely is important during the course of teaching .Thepurpose of explaining knowledge is to set students thinking, b) Learning oneself should be assisted with guidance materials, or exercises . The ability and method in learning is significant, c) Zhu Xi suggests that extensive learning should be combined with intensive learning. It's effective for scholars to think while learning . Scholars should form the habit of reviewing what they learnt and be good at arguing something. The aim is to make them learn something independently and have the enterprising spirit .d) Education is linked tightlty with ethics. The training should be carried out in details, e) Paying attention to the spirit of learning . Students should pay respect to teachers and vise visa. Both of them should cooperate with each other. f)Valuring the function of other factors besides intelligience.Dealing with the relationships correctly ,namely , the relations between ambition and learning, emotions and learning, will and learning, interest and learning, character and learning, enviroment and learning. The fifth part deals with the influence of Zhu Xi Academy and the referring value to modern education.Its influence on our ancient cultural education is positive , spreading our nation's traditional culture, It motivates the prosper and development of the academy in Nan Song and the periods followed as well . Also, it has initiated a new prospect in college teaching in history and enriches our ancient education ideas. At the same time, the heuristic method of teaching should be made good use of , eg , the viewpoint of teachers and learners, the anti-intelligience factors in teaching , learning methods , etc. All these should be thought over and used by us now .