The Evolution Of The Studying Abroad System And The Social Development Of The Modern China

Over the past 20 years the overseas students issue has been the focus of discussion among the literature and history circles, which is still unavoidable to date by academic circles as a theoretical and realistic question.This paper, in connection with the role the returned overseas students played in China social transformation, against the backdrop of saving the nation from doom and ensuring its prosperity elaborates on the studying abroad system, among others, while presenting briefly the evolution and the phase of the Chinese students studying abroad before the founding of the People's Republic of China, in a bid to give a relatively overall understanding of the status and role of the overseas students since the modern times particularly the late Qing dynasty.Against the background of the cultural transition this paper also analyzes the evolution of the studying abroad system so as to bring to light the huge influence on and the historical contributions to the development of the modern Chinese society by the studying abroad system,focusing on the impact on China' progress through studying in the United States and Japan.Accordingly this paper further expounds such issues as the overseas students and the introduction of the Western culture into China, the overseas students and the May 1st movement in 1919,the overseas students and the communications of the Maxism in China, also briefly discusses the contributions and features of the key figures like Yan Fu ,Lu Xun and Hu Shi etc. in the history of the Chinese students studying abroad.As for the organization this paper, adopting the approaches of phase by phase discussion ,special topic study and case study,explores the evolution of the studying abroad system,evaluates its social effects,and probes into its cultural property in order to make a relatively accurate positioning on the studying abroad system and to see through its sucession and differences in each phase while showing the course of the modern studying abroad system.There may be some overlaps in every paragragh's arguments, generally speaking each has its own integrity,which is characterized by either separation or integration.The first chapter probes into the backdrop of the evolution of the studying abroad activities and shows the historic course of the Chinese government sending students studying abroad by analyzing the various features of each phase in different times.The second chapter discourses mainly upon the evolution of the studying abroadsystem by a series of historical facts and convincing figures, consists of the diversified channels of studying abroad, the multi-dimensional studying abroad and the enlisting services of the overseas students and their employment. From the perspective of the overseas students and being expanded from the Sino-west cultural exchange, this paper argues that the history of the modern Sino-west cultural exchange is virtually the history of the new intellectuals with the overseas students as their main part and representatives consistently creating the new culture and launching the Sino-west cultural exchange .The studying abroad movement starting from Rong Hong is, judging by the nature of the cultural exchange ,both the result of the introduction of the west culture into China and the form of learning from the west.From the angle of the cultural communications it is the bridge and icon of the introduction of the west culture into China since the late Qing dynasty .Observed by the result ,owing to the role of the overseas students , the tide of the unprecedented Sino-west exchange in the world cultural exchange history from the late Qing dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China, the traditional cultural and social patterns covertly took great changes as a result of the massive introduction of the west culture including Maxism ,thus accelerated the modernization process.The third chapter - review, proves into the relationship between the overseas students and the modernization of China, is subdivided into the following four parts_the i...