Public Choice And Urban Community Governance During Social Transformation

Since 1978, China, after opening and reform, aims at developing the country's productive forces and adjusts continually the relationship between state, enterprise and individual, which means that China has stepped into the transition period of economic reform. Great changes have taken place in China, which includes structure of state management; comprehensive economic productivity; lifestyle, interpersonal relation and value-opinions of people. However all changes bring new challenge to the way of society management, especially in the city community governance. So the paper focuses on the difficulties faced by city community and seeks the proposals for perfecting governance structure in order to benefit for setting down institutions of community building.In the first chapter, the background, research content, structure and research method of paper are introduced. In the chapter, author also reviewed the literature about community governance in China and abroad in detail. The second chapter introduces the community development, structure and functions. The author thinks it is the result of the function separation of the State and society. The third chapter introduces basic theory, especially about the theory of the relationship between the State and society and theory of public choice. The fourth chapter studies the relation of public choice and community governance. It is drawn that, by the paper, the community governance is a process of pubic choice among the State, community organizations and residents and the structure of trusts-agent relationship is made up with multiple layers and objects, where some problems exist.The fifth chapter gives a case study of Nanjing's community governance based on the interviews. The paper thinks that many achievements have taken by Nanjing's community in some aspects, which includes community institutions, community service and community culture. But there are many problems occurred in the process of Nanjing's community governance, which mainly includes the overlap and absence of government'sfunctions, the strong dependency of resident committee, the weak ability of self-government, the imperfect system of community service, lack of competitive ability of community organizations in market and inactive residents in community building. The communities in Nanjing's have the ability of self-governance and it is crucial for Nanjing's community building to distinguish the different roles among the State, resident committee and other organizations.A brief conclusion is presented in the sixth chapter. The author thinks that the main problems in the process of institutional evaluation are strong powers of community attorney and non-efficiency of the supervisory system.