The Contrastive Study Of The Processes Of Population Urbanization In Japan And In China

Japan entered into the period of economic recovery after WWII. With the quickening of economic increasing rate and the conversion of industrialization, the urbanization of Japanese population developed very fast, and more and more people were assembling to the 3 metropolis circles centering on Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya. However, the rapidly developing population urbanization also brought a series of problems such as urban environmental pollution, housing crowdedness, traffic jams, urban disasters. By virtue of the problems caused by population urbanization, Japanese government took lots of forceful measures to lessen the situation. Our country is in the period of rapid development of population urbanization, and is confronting the negative effects brought about by the population overurbanization. Through the contrastive study of Japanese and Chinese population urbanization, this paper suggests that we aim to take the Japanese experiences on solving urbanization as reference and help our country's urbanization progress more smoothly.Metropolis has the feature of being thickly populated living areas with the non-agricultural economic activities such as the second industry and the third industry dominating the market among the settlement; it is an area for the existence of variety of people and the arena of their social interactions. Population urbanization refers to the process in which agricultural population converts to the industrial or non-agricultural population. When the scattered agricultural population gradually gathers to the city, a new city then would appear, and hence the population in the city increases, the amount of cities increases and the urban system is being formed and perfected steadily. This paper discusses the different defining modes about population urbanization according to the population urbanization theories and introduces the representatives of the urbanization theories as well as the analysis of their theories, such as the theories of Wilson and counter-urbanization theory. The above-mentioned part offers complete theoretical background to analyze the status of population urbanization.The expansion of our county's urban system and the development of urbanization are closely related with each other. Besides, the development of Chinese urbanization is influenced by several factors such as the economic development level of the city, the principles and policies related to urbanization, the standard of town utilities and vital statistics of towns. Generally speaking, the progressive process of the urbanization after the foundation of new China, is divided into 4 stages: the first fast developing stage (1949—1957), the unsteady developing stage (1958—1965), the stagnate stage (1966—1977) and the second fast developing stage (1978—present). Especially with the deepening of the reform and open door in China, the prosperous development of the second industry and the third industry provides plenty of working opportunities. Furthermore, great amount of population is surging into big and medium-sized cities, and the population urbanization in China is also entering into a rapid increasing stage. At the same time, China is confronting the problems brought by the quick development of urbanization. This paper mainly discusses the major urban environmental pollution and traffic problems occurring in the urban development in our country. The analysis and discussion of the status of population urbanization in China and the existing problems can help us take better reference to the Japanese corresponding experiences.The Japanese population urbanization process can be divided into 4 stages, during the period of more than one hundred years from the modernization of the early stage of Niji to present. The first stage is the earlier stage of urbanized society, in which Japan entered the period of economic recovery, and the tempo of Japanese urbanization was quickened with the fast speed of economic increase and conversion of industrialization. The second stage is the full development stage of u...