The Research On The Diagnosis Of The Self-confidence Levels In The Disabled Athletes In Shanghai And On Its Influencing Factors

The disabled is a special group, also is a week force colony. The deformities make their daily lives inconvenient, and the disabled lean to come into an unhealthful mentality such as self-contempt, desperation, shame and so on. The disabled psychology is a new topic in sport psychology. There are a few researches about it, and few researches about self-confidence in disabled athletes.This paper studied about the self-confidence in the disabled athletes in Shanghai. Diagnosed their self-confidence levels with the base of the compare between the disabled athletes and healthy athletes. The research selected an individual interior influencing factor that was body self-esteem and an individual exterior influencing factor that was the social support to study and discussed the relationship among the body self-esteem, social support and the athletic self-confidence.The research was measured in 115 disabled athletes and 105 healthy athletes in Shanghai with the questionnaires. Results indicated that: (1) There were significant differences in total self-confidence, trait self-confidence and state self-confidence among normal disabled athletes, excellent disabled athletes, normal healthy athletes and excellent healthy athletes. The self-confidence levels of the normal disabled athletes were lower, and that of the excellent disabled athletes were higher. (2) There was no significant gender differences in athletic self-confidence and body self-esteem. (3) In the disabled athletes groups, there were significant differences in the self-confidence among three age groups. In the healthy athletes groups, there were significant differences in the self-confidence between two items and different training time. There was no interaction between ages, items and training timing. (4) There were significant differences in health, coordination, sport competence, global physical, appearance, and strength of body self- esteem among normal disabled students, normal disabled athletes, excellent disabled athletes, normal healthy athletes and excellent healthy athletes. (5) The physical handicaps stunt the development of body self-esteem in the disabled. The physical exercises can promote the levels of body self-esteem in both the disabled and healthy people. But promotion of the athletic levels can't promote the body self-esteem's levels greatly. (6) There were significantrelationships between body self-esteem and athletic self-confidence, between body self-esteem and social support. There is no significant relationship between social support and athletic self-confidence. So body self-esteem influenced athletic self-confidence directly, and social support influenced body self-esteem directly, which influenced athletic self-confidence indirectly.