The Influences Of Contemporary Social Interest Groups In China On The Decisions Of Local Governments

The divided social interest during the period of reform and opening up has aroused people to pay close attention to the issue of the interest group. Interest group is used as a derogatory sense in language environment in Chinese now. We have to say it is a deviation from the angle of scientific theory. Modern society consists of various interest groups ,which have their own interest and exert influence to the government through relative channels for their interest by the specified system, whereas the main responsibility of the government is to balance the relations of the interest groups, mobilize the activities of each facet to build the harmonious society. Interest groups is a basic unit and concept for the study of the structure of modern political science, which breaks through the traditional methods of class and stratum and offers a new angle for the study of our social structure in the primary stage of socialism. This article is a further probe on the bases of the achievements made by the former scholars on the subject of interest groups. First ,this article introduces the real situation of the interest groups in China. At present, academic circles have made several definitions on interest groups, but they haven't reach an unanimous description. On the bases of his own understanding, the author made the following definition: the interest groups is a community consisted by the specific common interest person who want to realize and maintain their interest by affecting government' policies and actions. Before the time of the reform and opening up, theorists always emphasized identity among the people and they not only ignored the differences and conflictions among the people, but also denied the existence of various interest groups. With the development of social economy in China, the social interest structure has divided and reunited and the former configuration of social interest was broken. The social stratum has changed and the new interest groups and interest stratums have gradually formed such as the founders and the technicians in enterprises run by private citizens, the managers in foreign investment enterprises, individual enterprises, private enterprises, employees in mediums, free person ,etc. In 1988, it was confessed in the working report of the 2nd central Committee meeting of 13th session of CPC. that there were various interest groups in China. The social interest groups in China can be divided into several groups according to the different standards:1. they can be divided into highly organized interest group, organized interest group, loosely organized interest group and informal interest group according to the degree of organization; 2. they can be divided into economic interest group and non-economic interest group according to the active target; 3. they can be divided into permanent interest group and temporary interest group by time. The Chinese interest groups have the following notable features: 1. The Chinese interest group have various forms but they are not equilibrium. 2. The interest groups mostly set up by the government and they are with the heavily color of state running. 3.The Chinese interest groups are not mature, they are obvious transition. 4.The contradictions of the interest groups are non-antagonism in general, but they may develop into antagonism contradictions if they are not handled properly. 5.The netting trend of interest groups is obvious. 6.The main form of the organized interest groups in China is organized group . Second, the article analyzes the influences of interest groups to the local government policies. The interest groups exert influence on the local government by persuasions, agency, democratic election in the fields of appoint and remove of personal, public investment, allocation of financial funds ,tax and policies. These affections play an positive role in promoting the scientific decision of local government, fair administration and the democratic politicsetc.: 1.It is helpful to the political communication and the express of citizen's interests. 2.It can provide the information for the decisions of local government. 3. It is helpful to improve the justice and the rationality of the public decisions of local government. 4.It is helpful to push forward the basic democracy. 5.It is helpful to the changes of local government functions and the administrative efficiency. At the same time, some interest groups makes some negative influences for their own interests in the adjustment of interests and competition. 1. Some strong interest groups may damage the social public interests, especially the interests of the weak groups. 2. Some interest groups with strong economic power may affect the justice and the rationality of local government. 3. Some illegal phenomenon may happen, such as bribe , searching the rent, etc. Finally , this article brings forth the Chinese government how to treat with the problems of interests groups' influences on local governments. 1. We should offer smooth approaches for them to express their interests. 2. We should adopt different policies to different interest groups. 3. Correct the relations between the organization and the government . 4. Resolve the group emergency timely and effectively. 5.To establish the consultative and dialogue system carried by the interest groups. 6.We should make the relative policies for the interest groups . 7. We should improve the initiative of the local government . All together, with the importance attached by the government and positive treatment to the issue, under the optimistic system, the negative influence of interest group will be maximally contained and it's positive function will be expended constantly, which can push forward the democrat politics and the social progresses.