A Compare Study On Women's School Education Of Kuomintang And CPC In The Period Of The Republic Of China

In the period of the Republic of China, women's school education in China developed indispensably on the political status of that time and the ebb and flow of different political powers, and it was given a particular push after the New Culture Movement around May 4th 1919, when equality between men and women received common recognition. Kuomintang and Communist Party of China (CPC) diverged from each other on their policies of women's education due to their distinct political ideologies and stands, which exerted a deep influence on the development of women's school education.This paper is designed for a compare study on women's school education of Kuomintang and CPC. The comparison is developed into four parts: history and guideline of women's education, the evolution of school education system, the content of education, and the respective features of women's education of the two parties.Part one mainly introduces the history and guideline of women's education of each party. Kuomintang's views on women's education experienced a return from initial westernization to Chinese traditional education outlook, while that of CPC embodied all along the Marxist notion of women's liberation.Part two states the evolution of school education system in the area governed by each party, thus it can be seen the development of women's school education in the area. Kuomintang adopted the new school education system established by the Northern Warlords Government in 1922, though with certain alteration done; CPC could not set up an integrated school education system owing to the limited condition.Part three tries to make out the content of women's school education from three aspects: the regular curriculum, and the ideological education and practice. As for the regular curriculum, it is to be illuminated by the laws enacted by each party concerning school education. And with regard to the ideological education and practice. Kuomintang laid its focus on Party education and traditional ethic education, while CPC put its stress on women's liberation and realization of women's social roles.Based on the previous discussion, part four studies the similarities and distinctions of the three aspects mentioned above. Firstly, Kuomintang and CPC had different sources for their views on women's education. Secondly, as for education system, both the two parties attached great importance to the development of school education, but they differed from each other on aspects like the integrality of education system, the class that the education receivers belong to, the diversity of education forms, and the issue of coeducation. Lastly, concerning the content of education, Kuomintang and CPC are much alike in their setup of basic curriculum, the feminization of secondary education, and the serve-for-the-war oriented education, nevertheless they had evident distinctions in degree of richness of curriculum, the standardization of content and ideological education and practice.