Study On Subjective Well-being Of Employee And Its Relationship To Income

Happiness is a kind of emotion when people's needs have been met and their ideals have realized or a complex psychological state constructed by such psychological factors as needs which include motives, desire and interest), cognition, feeling and some other external reasons. Subjective well-being (SWB) means the estimator values his or her life quality by his or her own standard. SWB includes three parts: positive feeling, negative feeling and life satisfaction. There are abundant of theories and researches in SWB in foreign countries, and some mature measurements have been created. And there are a lot of researches about the relationship between income and SWB in the west, but in China it is almost the blank in this field, and no special SWB measurement for the employees. The goals of this research are to create a SWB measurement for the employees, to discuss the traits of SWB of the employees and to have further study on the relationship between income and SWB of the employees.The study puts forward its own theoretic hypotheses based on the literature summarize, the open questionnaires and some personal interviews, and then creates the original questionnaire of SWB of the employees, after modification the final formal questionnaire has been worked out. 613 employees took part in this survey. The main results of this study are as follows:(1) The SWB questionnaire has good reliability and validity, it can be used to measure the SWB of employees. There are seven dimensions in this questionnaire: marriage and family, negative feeling, positive feeling, personal relationship, economic income, job and social environment.(2) As a whole, there is no significant gender difference in SWB of employees except job dimension.(3) There is significant difference in six dimensions of the questionnaire and in the whole on the city variable except job dimension.(4) There is significant economic income difference in the whole of the questionnaire, the SWB level of the middle income employees is significantly higher than the high income ones, the SWB level of the low income employees is lowest.(5) As a whole, there is significant interaction between income and gender. The SWB level of both male and female increases when their income increases, the SWB level of male whose income is high is significantly higher than female.