A Study On Social Exclusion In Urbanization Of Rural Population

At present, the city on the rural population in the process of social exclusion has long been a focus of theoretical research. "Migrant workers" Under this concept, people on this issue attention and consideration.Social exclusion of migrant workers, including the actual performance of economic exclusion, political exclusion, rejection of social relations, cultural exclusion, spatial exclusion, rejection, and other aspects of public policy. Economic exclusion of migrant workers is the most important manifestations of social exclusion, mainly reflected in the employment and income conditions on. Political exclusion refers to individuals or groups excluded from political decision-making process, lack of rights are not their own interests spokesmen. When migrant workers due to adhere to their cultural rights have been isolated in mainstream society, can be said to have suffered cultural exclusion. Space is excluded migrant workers living in cities in a poor environment, the edge of the area of housing, and living space for urban residents in relative isolation. Public services exclusion refers to the children of migrant workers in education, health, social welfare and other public services all aspects of the field, almost all have been excluded from the urban public service system.Social exclusion of migrant workers because of China's urban and rural relations through the household registration system, including employment-based system, the dual social security system for the dual system, migrant workers and their low level of education, the quality generally poor. For migrant workers on how to eliminate the social exclusion and promote integration of migrant workers in urban society, the theoretical circle of specific measures mainly involve the gradual abolition of the household registration system as the core of the dual urban-rural split system, change the exclusion of migrant workers the concept of protectionism, Perfect expression of migrant workers to pursue their own interests and the institutionalized mechanism, improve the multi-level system of education and training of migrant workers, strengthening of migrant workers to carry out the basic cultural knowledge, enhance the cultural adaptation of migrant workers ability to take the initiative to promote their integration into the community four cities Area.However, despite the current people are basically the "migrant workers" under the concept, thinking the rural population in the process of urbanization, social exclusion, but "migrant workers" as a social group is not a single, but both in the process of urbanization Among the rural population, have in the process of urbanization of the rural population. We must in general terms the "migrant workers" isolated really want to integrate into urban society groups, social exclusion of its special status be the concern of Weici, can truly grasp, analysis and solution of the rural population cities in the process of social exclusion.From the process of urbanization in rural social exclusion of their own characteristics, including a total of five areas: First, from the field in which social exclusion, the process of urbanization of the rural population in the economic level, cultural and social relations and level Space by the level of social exclusion by the lighter, but at the political level of social exclusion is more serious. Second, from the causes of social exclusion, the urbanization of the rural population are in the process of social exclusion is more structural social exclusion, rather than function of social exclusion. Third, the evaluation of social exclusion from the point of view, in the process of urbanization of the rural population by social exclusion is more subjective social exclusion, rather than an objective of social exclusion. Fourth, from the manifestations of social exclusion, the urbanization of the rural population are in the process of social exclusion is the more dominant of social exclusion, rather than hidden social exclusion. Fifth, the driving force of social exclusion, the urbanization of the rural population are in the process of social exclusion is more passive social exclusion, rather than take the initiative of social exclusion.As a result, the process of urbanization in rural social exclusion is the main cause of the social structure of inequality, social policy inappropriate, to promote the social ideology, the poor social mobility, lack of rights and lack of opportunity. Furthermore, in its specific level is the main reason for this two aspects: the dual urban-rural division of the household registration system, so that urban and rural areas in China's relations with a dual social structure, resulting in the urbanization process in the rural population could not be clear Legal protection and public services division of the dual urban and rural areas of social policy system, so that in the process of urbanization of the rural population in the life and work in difficult to satisfy the needs and respond to risks, protecting the survival of multiple difficulties and obstacles encountered.Thus, can effectively address the urbanization process in rural social exclusion is the combination of measures: to reform the household registration system on the basis of the employment system, the social security system, education system, the housing system and a series of system changes in the urban and rural Separated from the backward situation, given the process of urbanization, urban residents in the rural population equivalent to the rights and opportunities. Construction on the process of urbanization in the rural population to participate in national political life of the various concrete systems, it should be done now is to absorb them to join trade unions at all levels and party organizations, in the urban community life, to participate in the election of urban society, management, and supervision . In the first two areas to focus its reform on the basis, should also step up publicity, education, to avoid discrimination discourse, as the process of urbanization in rural create a harmonious environment, between urban residents and promote mutual understanding and communication, in cities The rural population in the process of the education and training of migrant workers increase the market competitiveness, enhance its ability to adapt to city.