A Study On The Motivation Strategy Of Primary And Secondary School Teachers In Rural Areas

Attracting and retaining outstanding talents to teach in primary and secondary schools in rural areas, motivating their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of rural teachers, enhancing the quality of teaching in schools, building a harmonious environment of teachers'growth, which need effective motivation strategies. But the researches of teachers'motivation strategies in rural primary and secondary schools are not a lot, it is very necessary that how to use the existing motivation theories to search the scientific teachers'motivation strategies in rural primary and secondary schools.The object of the study is the teachers in rural primary and secondary schools, the author studied their psychological needs, the main problems of teachers'motivation strategies in rural primary and secondary schools and the reasons for them, searched the basic principles and the concret strategies to solve these problems and improve the level of teachers'motivation in rural primary and secondary schools, which were studied through interviews, questionnaires and other methods.The teachers motivation is a psychological process of continuing to encourage them to work in education and teaching, which is the problem of how to motivate the enthusiasm of teachers. Motivation strategies are the measures and means used for the achievements of motivating effectively. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the western management scientists, sociologists and psychologists had made lots of studies on the motivation problem in depth from different angles and make many motivation theories, the main including Hierarchy of Needs Theory, 2-Factor Theory, ERG Theory, Theory of Need for Achievement, Expectancy Theory, Equity Theory, Goal-Setting Theory, Reinforcement Theory etc. In recent years, Chinese scholars had made Simultaneous Theory and Overall Theory, which provide teachers'motivation strategies in rural primary and secondary schools with good revelations.Through interviews and observations of many years, the author makes the status quo of the psychological needs of the primary and secondary school teachers in rural areas. It mainly reflects in salaries, objectives, invironments, participation in power of school administration, honor and career expectations etc. Through the survey of questionnaires, the author summed up the main problems of the current motivation of the primary and secondary school teachers in rural areas, which are low salaries, that wages may not be paid in full and on schedule, that the collective goals and the teachers'personal goals are not completely same, that rural teachers are not satisfied with their social environment and the campus environment, that their power of school administration has not been fully exploited, that the teacher evaluation is in form and the need of teachers' honor is not ignoranted, that rural teachers'own career diathesis is a little low.According to the psychological needs of the primary and secondary school teachers in rural areas and the existent problems of the current motivation of the rural teachers, the author makes the principles which should be followed, which are the teachers motivation-based principle, to ensure material motivation and strengthen spirit motivation, to combine internal motivation and extrinsic motivation, motivation in hierarchy and classification, measurable and fair. The author also proposes the teachers'motivation strategies in rural primary and secondary schools. They are including: raising the salaries of teachers in primary and secondary schools in rural areas vigorously, protecting to providing the wages in time and in full amounts, setting reasonable collective goals to try to integrate their personal goals, respecting teachers and attaching importance to education, creating harmonious society and campus environments, changing schools management concept, fully exploiting the role of teachers' participation of school administration, improving the evaluation and appointment system, honoring teachers in time and reasonably, enhancing their professional diathesis and strengthening their professional sense of happiness.