The Discipline System Of Nanjing National Government During The Anti-Japanese War

The Chiang Kai-shek group that having the military strength behind them to establish a dictatorship regime and achieve the unity of the whole of China in form in the process of the elimination of dissidents in 1920s. Chiang Kai-shek himself also gradually consolidated his dictatorial status of the Kuomintang in this process. Dictatorship in the War of Resistance Against Japan was peaked. Political, military despotism and dictatorship had the urgent need to build their own unique field of ideology. The significance of education for the country was particularly important, even in such a special period of the war,the rulers had to make education seriously.It was a special group of students,and their knowledge structures, the ideological and moral standards played the important role in the construction of the country. Under the guidance of general principles,National Government continue to pursue and strength the discipline system,in order to strictly control the thinking and behaviour of the students. Besides, the government's discipline system had positive effect on training students'physique, character-building, improving ideological and moral standards, carrying forward nation fine tradition and rally feelig. This article will make a brief analysis,which can not only further recognize the dictatorship of Chiang Kai-shek Group to achieve the purpose of the dictatorship to strengthen policies to control students at the nature of thought but also be able to get some inspiration for today's education .It can be devided into five parts:Part 1: Introduction discipline system wartime historical background, including the Nanjing Government after the establishment of comprehensive discipline system and the situation Nanjing government facing after the outbreak of the war . Since Nanjing National Government has set up in April 1927, the regime continued to make solid, expand the scope of the rule,pursue the party-oriented education,which promoted education as a tool of the KMT regime to consolidate. July 1929, the government ordered the provinces, in accordance with the provisions of the KMT Central Executive Committee of Discipline director of primary and secondary schoolswhich set the Discipline staff, and carryed out the system in primary and secondary schools. Comprehensive Anti-Japanese War broke out, the Japanese breathing down the neck crazy aggression, the growing ranks of the Communist Party, the situation in our favor, made the government begin to adjust education policy to strengthen the discipline system and maintain the stability of their regime.Part 2: Introduction of the development of war-time discipline system. Including the guiding ideology and objectives and the main content.The Three People's Principles as the Nanjing National Government wartime discipline system aimed to cultivate students to become volunteers having high, firm beliefs, and civic virtues, including belief training, moral training and military training.Part 3: Introduction wartime discipline system's methods and objects. Since the foundation of the National Government, young people training has been regarded as the primary problem of education which was also very strict training requirements. Turbulent pre-war students movement, and in the Anti-Japanese War, many more students rushed to the sacred place of the revolution in Yan'an. So students were the main target of the discipline system in the war time. At the implementation process, tutorial system was pursued. Tutorial system was implemented which the National Government aimed at education in the past exposed the shortcomings and absorbed the experience of Britain and the United States and other countries. In the history of our country education was a first.Part 4: Introduction wartime discipline system. Discipline system was implemented in time of war.The first number of rules and regulations were promulgated to comply with the School. Our school placed for the implementation of the specific circumstances. The majority of schools carried out the rules and regulations relating to discipline. However, because of some of schools placed out of the way, there was a great deal of difference between the goal and effect.Part 5: Evaluation of wartime discipline. First, the theoretical analysis:the system of war-time discipline attached to the concept and ideology of the Kuomintang. Kuomintang's rule in China depended on the theoretical legitimacy which was the Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People, but after the transformation process of the Chiang Kai-shek in the Anti-Japanese War, the Three Principles of the People became the KMT maintaining one-party dictatorship and the dictatorship of Chiang Kai-shek of the instrument. The discipline system that under the guidance of Three People's Principles also became the tool for strengthening the rule and control . Chiang Kai-shek's wartime discipline system was a product of fascism. Second, the introduction of the discipline system, the actual war-time role and effect: strengthening the rule of the KMT, limiting the freedom of the development of students, conducive to the accumulation of national sentiment in times of war, and ultimately hegemonic authoritarian discipline system had little effect.