A Study Of The Overseas Educational Policies Enacted By The National Government In The Anti-Japanese War

Chinese overseas education began in the late Qing Dynasty of1847. Rong Hong studied in America, which was a beginning of Chinese overseas education. Afterwards, successive governments dispatched overseas students to study abroad continuously. Late Qing Dynasty, Northern Warlords Government, and Nanjing National Government dispatched some overseas students to study in America, Britain, France, Germany, Canada, Austria, Belgium, Italy, Japan, India, and Eypt. These students studied science technologies, cultural knowledge in foreign countries, and they obtained great achievements. This cultivated a multitude of talents. The most glorious significance was National Government’s policies of education. After the outbreak of Anti-Japanese War, National Government did not abandon the overseas education under such a harsh circumstance, otherwise, it adjusted the overseas educational polices partially based on the international and domestic situation’s change to cope with that complicated situation. During the Anti-Japanese War, Nanjing National Government’s wartime overseas education attained huge accomplishment. Under its influence, the group of overseas students of rear area in Anti-Japanese War formed. It was a group that was the mainstay in the field of science, technology, culture and education during the Anti-Japanese War. It not only contributed to a lot to China, but also became the mainstay of China’s construction. It created a multitude of talents to new China. It created the brand mode of Chinese overseas education to some extent---the policy adjustment of environmental adaptation. It obtained great success, and brought far-reaching influence.Based on the huge significance, the core of the paper is an explicit and systematic analysis of overseas students’group that formed in the Anti-Japanese War. This paper begins in the change of Nanjing National Government after the outbreak of war. Then this paper will introduce the group of overseas students in the wartime formally. This paper includes four chapters. The first chapter analyses the background of the overseas students’formation, and demonstrates the condition of overseas students’ education, as well as the policy adjustment of National Government. The second chapter is the focus of the paper, which aims at making a quantitively analysis to the overseas students’ group in the rear area. And it will introduce their formation, development, number, and their type of overseas education. It will make an explicit analysis from their native places, their ages and their genders. The third chapter analyses the feature of overseas students’group deeply, and make a comparison of the students before the war. It will expand its content from their graduation schools, majors and degrees. The last chapter analyses the great impact of the overseas students in the Anti-Japanese War.