China Education Investment Performance Research In Public Finance

The reform and open policy of china following 30 years high economy speed development, the socialist market economic system is being mature day after day. The social promotion of cultural and ethical progress strengthens unceasingly. The education importance obtained national and society's universal attention seriously. More and more prosperous and powerful country's examples tell us that with a country scientific innovation, the international competitiveness is close related to education, taking seriously to educate and the manpower training are the national prosperous important way. After many year unceasing explorations, the educational reform has achieved the historical achievement, the government no longer has already the only main body to balanced program of development, but our country is also under the low level of development, according to government own nature and the function, in our country finance system in the improving process day by day to the public finance frame transition, the finance is doomed to need to undertakes the essential responsibility about education. The education development also needs the unceasing investment in the financial funds.Recent years the government finance investment has had great degree increase in the educational aspect. The national financial educational expenditure investment occupied the proportion of gross domestic product (GDP) also unceasingly rises, which has indicated the expenditure support dynamics enlargement to public education. But our educational finance supply and demand contradictory is still prominent; the shortage of educational expenditure was still intense. Looking from the present our country educational finance investment's policy and the actual situation, the national financial investment and balanced program of development has not been able to satisfy the education development demand, the educational resources scarce condition is also very serious, exposing many questions about demand pressure to be oversized,scale rapid expansion,quality in relieving and Low educational finance disbursement structure and so on. On the other hand, our country educational investment using efficiency is also quite low. The resources waste phenomenon is also very serious. Under this kind of situation, strengthening the finance educational benefit and the appraisal system's establishment appears especially important in order to promote the educational benefit enhancement.In order to enhance the government finance benefit, effectively display the government macroscopic guidance function, fully transfer various social strength and face the most prominent education question currently. This Thesis embarks from the analysis of government finance question's basic theory which is public product theory, inspecting the education public product attribute with emphasis. Because the pure public product has the non-competitiveness and the non-exclusive characteristic, which had decided that the competitive market mechanism is not suitable for providing the pure public product, as well as the low efficiency about the providing ability of public goods market. Therefore, the public product's supplies can only provide by the government. This is different decided by the government and the market respective operational mechanism. The education is one kind of mixed product, belonging to the program for public good, through improving the workers' educational level and promoting the socio-economic development can bring the social economy benefits. The public product attribute education service also needs to have the government finance strength involvement. Through the explanation public finance's implication and the essential feature, further clear about the government finance function localization under the condition of socialist market economy, propose that the public finance frame's construction tendency and has proven the education development relations with the government responsibility, as well as the outstanding contributions of promoting education about full employment, economic growth and promoting country overall competitive power.Following the basic contradiction about the government educational finance supply to be scarce and the social education demand inflated day by day, this thesis accords with the thought logic that proposing question - - anglicizing question - -solving question , takes other correlation theories and a series of real data as the basis, uses methods including theoretical analysis, contradictory analysis, system analysis and comparative analysis to explain our country finance education investment scale's total quantity, the structure and the efficiency. In recent years, our country Government educational expenditure total quantity increased progressively year by year and this rising tendency was still very obvious. But looking from the nation educational expenditure proportion occupied GDP, there is still disparity with our country proposed that at the end of the century it will achieve 4% goals and also difficulty compared with the world developed country and certain developing countries. The financial educational expenditure total quantity's growth has not surpassed the rising rate of the nation educational expenditure total quantity, which reflects the financial education investment has not been able to grow or to surpass the economic growth with the economical synchronization and enable the government educational expenditure supporting dynamics not to obtain the enhancement. The receiver which is family or individual cost to education bears big directly. The origin of our country educational expenditure constitution feature essentially still invested by the government primarily, in the nation educational expenditure's majority continuously for the national financial educational expenditure, the social group and the citizen individual school funds had grew greatly, indicating that education managed by the people had certain development and the educational expenditure supplied channel further diversified. Questioning which is insufficient in view of the educational expenditure, because various area economic development condition and the financial resource condition exist big difference, as well as various understanding to education important degree of Local authority causes this difference about local financial educational outlay is larger. Our country education system exist serious region difference and the structure difference. The educational finance goes to the performance that the investment insufficiency to the productive forces fall-behind level local and the elementary education. At present, the finance support form is also unitary to the education, which is mainly in the budget direct allocation, but other financial policy tool's multiplier effect is not very obvious, further intensified the finance support difficulty to education. At the same time, in the personnel training chain link of produce, study, research still had some questions such as the low educational expenditure using efficiency.This thesis divides the government finance education investment efficiency into four aspects of the disposition achievements, the use achievements, the achievement achievements and the supervision achievements. The achievements evaluating indicator broken into the third level, formed one to be more systematic, four big module constitution achievements evaluating indicator system. Afterward, also through to the partial state comparison to finance education investment scale and the efficiency, the experience absorbed and was profited from the overseas, through increasing the financial revenue, sought the certain countermeasures to the financial education: Enhancing the proportion of the financial revenue to be account for the gross national product gradually, in the existing financial revenue total quantity's foundation, adjusting the expenditure structure reasonably, enhancing the expenditure proportion of the educational outlay as soon as possible , perfecting the fiscal budget system and guaranteeing that the expenditure manifests the truly national development strategic intention; Formulating the related tax policy, for example , imposing the education tax, preferential tax to the educational investment, encouraging the investment of the enterprise and personal; optimizing educational investment structure, deeping educational system reform and the educational budget management system, raising the educational finance use efficiency; Optimizing the school charge system, enabling the education supplies increased,conforming to the family bearing capacity, and guaranteeing the fair education as soon as possible; Supporting the management by the people education, promoting competition reasonably, because government Public school monopolizing, the foundation of people education is weak, which is in the weak trend in the competition and needs the government to play the good guidance role to enhance many kinds of education needs abilities; Expanding the collection educational finance channel, guideline society fund to the educational fields, collecting education development fund is also an effective way, because negotiable securities market activity has the very strong social influence and the attraction, activating idle capital of all different social classes members to educational finance shortage. This thesis try to propose suggestion to government finance policies,education investment structure and finance investment system, hoping promoting our country finance education investment resources use enlightenment in certain extent.