The Research On The Fertility Policy Evolvement And Development Trend Of China

Population is a significant problem in the primary stage of socialism,which is also a major, long-term problem and the key factors that restrict China's economic and social development. Population control and improve the quality of population are the realization of China's grand goal of socialist modernization and a major strategic decision-making influencing sustainable development. Since new China was founded until now, through the joint efforts of community party and people through the whole country, China's population and family planning has made great achievements. At the same time of economy development, China has effectively controlled excessive population growth, as a result, fertility has been declined below the replacement level, and the population reproduction pattern has been historically shifted from a high birth rate, low death and high growth to a low birth rate, low death rate, and low growth. It has successfully explored a way that possessed Chinese characteristics and comprehensive management of population issues, promoted the improvement of China's overall national strength, social progress and people's lives, which positively contributed the stabilization of world's population.According to the review of the evaluation of China's fertility policy in the past 5 decades, this article summarized the effects of the implementation of fertility policy. On the one hand, it affirmed the achievements made by the family planning policy, which efficiently controlled the total amount of China's population; let China long-term maintained at low fertility level, which made a great contribution of our country's population business. On the other hand, it also analyzed the negative issues of the result of implements family planning policy, for example, the dramatic growth of aging population, the extremely unbalance new-birth sex ratio and the high-unemployment pressure from over population etc. Basis on the new context of current fertility policy's analysis, it necessarily gives some recommendations to China's future fertility policy. Thus, the main body of this article is divided into four chapters to debate.Chapter I is introduction part, which introduces the practical significance, the relevance concept relating to this paper and its theoretical basis and research synthesis. It through quantitative and qualitative research methods, via collecting variety of literature, reviews the process of political strategies since China's population and family planning policy adopted, draw out China's population management integrated approach in a series of principles and policies based on the well-off society, as well as the implementation of comprehensive measures and recommendations.Chapter II states the evolution of China's fertility policy process. The center of the family planning policy from encouraging to restricting birth, the policy from the 70's the "late, thin and less" to the 80's strict family, gradually evolutes to China's current fertility - one child policy. After five decades of the evolution process, China's population has been basically enforced the shift of population production pattern to a low birth rate, low death rate, and low growth. Moreover, rapid population growth has been effectively controlled; the fertility rate has been maintained at a relatively low level and the total number of population growth has tended to slow.Chapter III will introduce a new challenge that is on the way of China's population development in the new century has to face to. After nearly three decades'practice, it has been widely accepted and implemented that family planning is a basic national policy in China. Family planning as a special tool to measure and control overall population, since implemented, has experienced repeatedly in a long time period. It helped that Chinese population completed a traditional sense transition. Nevertheless, the amount of population remains a significant issue in the 21st century, because more and more problems related will be emerged from different aspects. For instance, the improvement quality of newborn babies has been imminent, the less employment-vacancy has been tending to a giant burden, and the issue of aging population has to be well-prepared. Therefore, this chapter will discuss and analyze these new issues.The last chapter, Chapter IV, in the context of the average life expectancy in China has increased, the population structure has changed in new emergence , the urbanization has been accelerated ,will discuss the enhancement of family planning job and the recommendations of family planning job's further improvement. First of all, it is necessary to relax the family planning policy, gradually, from the existing one-child policy transit to both cities and rural areas may have two children's fertility policy. Secondly, it must adhere to control population's quantity and improve population's quality. Because China's population growth will continue until the middle of 21st century, which requires that it must put "control the population, maintain the low birth rate" as the primary task. It is the only way to get the ultimate solution and the most appropriate point to balance among China's population, economy, environment and all aspects of employment relations. Finally, in order to adhere the co-ordinate way of solving the population problem, it has to uphold for a long run to implement the basic national policy of family planning and improve the population policy and fertility policy. By increasing people's income levels, improving the social security system, perfecting the overall quality of childbearing women's age, it mobilized the broad masses of people's enthusiasm and initiative, shifted the fertility policy into a conscious action, let the realization of concept of fertility ultimately changed.After the achievement of population type reproduction's transition, the essential task of population and family planning work will shift to stabilize the low birth rate, improve the quality of newborn babies, ease the process of aging population, and decrease the new-born babies'ratio. Moreover, timely adjust and improve China's fertility policy, co-ordination to resolve the issue of China's population, both of these two factors could support China's fertility policy to be long-standing policy in sustainable development and continently serving for the people.Thus, the entire party and society must be from China's socialist modernization and the overall situation of the Chinese nation's long-term survival and development interests, pay close attention to further the work of population and family planning.