A Study On Chinese Rural Compulsory Education Investment System From The Perspective Of Education Equality

The development of rural compulsory education is directly related to the rising or downfall and the stabilization of China; after all, China is a country of 1.3 people, of which sixty percent live in rural area! In the past, the compulsory was either restrained by public finance or be unaware of the essence of public compulsory education. When China is becoming the third largest economical entity in the world, the implement of rural compulsory education will naturally come true. But the original system inertia still works as before, the new investment system moves slowly in the reform. Taking this situation into consideration, the paper explores the question of investment system on compulsory education in rural area from the perspective of education equality.Analyzing the rural compulsory education product attribute, we propose that the government should be the only investor in rural compulsory education. But, in reality, the government competes with market and the regional government rival with the central authority, which terminally causes the variety of payer of rural compulsory education, including the government, the market, and the rural compulsory education recipients. All these bring about chaos aspects of Market Failure and Government's lack of dislocation. Thus, the farmers and their children have unconsciously become the direct victims, which evidently has diverged from the original idea of compulsory education as well as the principle of educational equality.Based on its history, rural compulsory education investment system in China can be divided into five stages; The current rural compulsory education investment system reform is precisely performing in the "Based on the County" investment system, and presents three major characteristics; As a result of historical inertia, the current public investment still has some problems such as the insufficiency of total quantity and the uneven distribution of resources.The current new rural compulsory education investment system has made progress such as the aspects of the investment mechanism, the major investor and the share of responsibility. But, it has taken little consideration into some aspects, for example, who is the main responsibility of teacher salary, how to determine the subsidy standard, why the burden of debt becomes heavier during the Nine-year compulsory education, how much will it cost in running. So, it is worth exploring how to ensure the fair landing of increased compulsory education funds.Through research, the paper proposes that to make the investment system more perfect and to actively promote the fair development of Chinese rural compulsory education, the following measures should be undertaken. First, improve the rural compulsory education system mainly supported by the national investment. The key point at present is to confirm the duties role and to promote the share responsibility system on rural compulsory education of the central, provincial and municipal governments. Secondly, establish a multi-channel investment system that the public investment will be the mainstay, and it can carry out the compulsory education investment system combining unitary channel financing with finance and general education tax. Finally, promote administrative system of rural compulsory education in line with the investment system. And the urgent thing is to legislate for the funding of rural compulsory education and ensuring the guarantee of appropriation.