Develop A Quality Of Life(QOL) Scale About Vision For Primary And Middle School Students And Analysis Of Influence Factors Of QOL

Objective To develop a quality of life(QOL) scale about vision for primary and middle school students and assess its reliability and validity. To analysis the QOL status of students and its influence factors.To provide scientific bases for formulating policies to improve students life quality.Methods①Rational construction, factor analysis and expert consulting were used to develop a quality of life scale about vision for primary and middle school students. And the reliability and validity of scale were assessed .②The students of 11400 were surveyed by using stratified cluster sampling from ten schools in Wuhan. The quality of life, visual level and influence factors of students were investigated.Results1.Reliability and validity of the quality of life scale about vision for primary and middle school students①Reliability check: The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient and split-half reliability of the scale were higer than 0.60.The test-retest reliability of the scale ranged from 0.58 to 0.80.②Validity check: Four factors of QOL scale were identified by using exploring factor analysis. These factors could explain 60.64% of the total variance.Factor communalities were higer than 0.40. The results were unanimous with idea of designer. ANOVA analysis showed that the scores of QOL of students with different vision level were significant differences(P<0.01), it suggested that the QOL scale has effective item discrimination.2.The influence factors of quality of life related to vision of primary and middle school students⑴The results of single factor analysis indicated:①The prevelance of hypometropia of city students was higher than that of urban students(city of 66.67%,urban of 53.69%), prevelance of low vision among girls was higher than that of boys(boy of 62.75% and girl of 71.13% in city;boy of 48.94% and girl of 58.60% in urban),the difference was significant.(P<0.05)②The scores of subscale and the total scores of QOL among girls were more than boys except subscale of social activity;scores of students in city and urban were similar;the difference of scores between normal vision and low vision had significant differences except social activity in the boy of city. (P<0.05)③The scores of subscale of QOL of students in city were more and more as grade-grouping except social activity;scores of normal students were lower than that of low vision students;the difference of scores was significant except social activity and visual and body function. (P<0.05)④There were significant differences of scores of QOL among different physical quality, sleep quality,whether or not open light, physical exercise, achievements and sighting-characteristic factors(such as distance between eye and book, distance between breast and desk,distance between maniphalanx and fingertip,pose of pen grasp, whether or not desk is tall, luminous environment,class-interval resting, time of finishing outside performance,time of playing games,distance between eye and TV,reading lying in bed,whether or not do ocular gymnastics).(P<0.05)⑵The results of general linear regression analysis indicated that senile middle school students, low vision, bad physical quality, bad sleeping quality, opening light in sleep, distance under 20 centimeters between eye and book, the distance between breast and desk was less than a fist,glooming luminous environment,reading in class-interval ,the time finishing outside performance was more than 3 hours,distance between eye and TV under 2 meters, insisting on doing ocular gymnastics,lower achievement,etc. were risk factors which influence the quality of life of students.Conclusion Quality of life scale related to vision for primary and middle scool students has a satisfactory reliability and validity. The QOL of students were related to learning stage and vision level. The factors such as bad vision,senile middle school students, bad physical quality, bad sleeping quality, the distance under 20 centimeters between eye and book, the distance between breast and desk was less than a fist,glooming luminous environment, reading in class-interval,heavy outside performances, distance between eye and TV under 2 meters, don't insisting on doing ocular gymnastics, lower achievement ,and bad habit disturbance of sighting,were risk factors which influence the quality of life of students. Therefore, it's very important to carry out effective measures to improve quality of life of students.