The Analysis And Study Of The Present Situation Of The Development Of Martial Arts For Physical Education Majors In The Colleges And Universities Of Shandong Province

By means of documentary data analyzing,questionnaire investigating,experts interview,as well as statistics and logical science analyzing,the author studies the present situation of martial arts for Physical Education in the colleges and universities in Shandong Province.By analyzing the training aims,teaching contents,teaching methods and quality of teachers,etc,and taking corresponding reforming measures, we can improve and promote the development of martial arts in the colleges and universities of Shandong Province.Furthermore,we can contribute to the development of martial arts in China,to some degree.By researching,we draw the following conclusions.1.By investigating,we find that the training aims of the PE students majoring in martial arts have been made on the basis of the curricular plan issued by the National Education Department and the situation of each college.But most colleges aim to promote the all-round development of students,to ensure the students to be qualified to undertake physical teaching and training in middle schools or higher institutes and make them specialize in school P.E research,management,guide the activity of National Physical Fitness and developing sports industry.Usually the students who major in P.E.education will have 3-4 or 5-6 periods' martial arts courses,each of which takes 80-90 minutes.2.The teaching contents are out of date and the teaching methods are simplex,lacking rationality and scientificity.The teaching mainly focuses on techniques and pays less attention to the theoretical teaching.The teaching contents mainly consist of Taijiquan, fundamental Changquan,Nanquan and optional Changquan.The apparatus to learn is mainly elementary stick acrobatic play,fencing art and sabreplay.The preparations are the basic training practice,mainly focusing on elementary boxing,footwork,body movement,leaping and at the same time,in the aiding teaching part,students will also carry out the practice of flexibility,speed and strength,etc.The theory of martial arts teaching needs enforcing.3.Most colleges and universities mark the students according to technical exams, theoretical exams and in-class performances,which judged by teachers subjectively. The contents of the martial exams are simplex and teachers pay more attention to techniques than theories.4.The average age of the excellent martial art teachers in the colleges and universities of Shandong Province is 36.4,which is reasonable.Most teachers have intermediate titles of teaching post and have Master's degree.Besides teaching,they do some research related to teaching at the same time.5.The students majoring in martial arts have mastered some martial techniques.The motivation of learning martial art is to find a good job after graduation.They are especially interested in aggressive martial art and are not interested in training.They hope the teachers can teach them something useful for their future career and hope for better training of their teaching ability.6.The students also hope the teachers can teach more theories about martial arts and can carry out interactive teaching to develop students' creative abilities.They need more tests and practice matches to strengthen their techniques they've learnt.The corresponding measures:1.The students trained according to the college martial arts curriculum should have profound basic knowledge and high abilities.Not only should they have full-scale cultural knowledge and skills,but also have the qualities for relevant posts.Moreover, they should have the skills and qualities needed for the changeability and Variability of the posts.2.The teachers should arrange the class reasonably in teaching and make good use of the time in class.Besides,they should make the students concentrate on what they have been taught and arouse their learning interest.3.We should change teaching methods of martial arts.That is,teachers should lay emphasis on grapple,attack and defense and keep the valuable boxing actions,which is easy for the students to understand and master the right laws,route,positions and methods,etc.4.The marking system should be reformed.Optional contents should be added in the exam besides the required ones.The result-based assessment should be changed into the process-based assessment.Teachers should also fully consider the individual differences and make an objective,fair and human-centered stratified testing system. More martial art teaching and training matches should be held in order to improve the students' technical levels.5.The choice of the teaching materials should be varied according to the different areas and levels of the students.The cultural characteristics of the martial arts should also be taken into consideration while choosing the teaching materials,so that teachers can choose a proper teaching material which is suitable for the development of local martial arts and can be used by different levels of undergraduates.