The Biological Characteristic Analyses On Wingate Anaerobic Test With Hip Stress Leg-driving

Purpose: This research compares the anaerobic power data and sEMG of the traditional Wingate bicycle anaerobic power test with that of the hip stress leg-driving Wingate anaerobic power test, to provide a more reasonable method and theory for the sprinters'bicycle anaerobic power test.Method: It uses the knowledge of exercise physiology and biomechanics to analyze the anaerobic power, forced muscle sequence and sEMG. While we test athletes'anaerobic power, we record the movement imagination and data of sEMG at the same time.Result: (1) The PP in the traditional Wingate bicycle anaerobic power test is 969.059W, the AP is 424.446W; The PP in the hip-stress leg driving anaerobic power test is795.167W, the AP is 363.972W.Obviously, The latter data is smaller . (2)The rectus femoris contribute most in the initiative driving stage of the traditional Wingate bicycle anaerobic power test, while the contribution of the gluteus maximums is less, and that of the biceps femoris is lest. The rectus femoris also is the most important muscle in the initiative driving stage of the hip stress leg-driving Wingate bicycle anaerobic power test, the second one is the biceps femoris, and the gluteus maximums is the last one . (3)In the initiative driving stage of the traditional Wingate bicycle anaerobic power test, the sEMG discharge order is rectus femoris→gluteus maximums→biceps femoris, the sEMG sustained order is the same. The starting angle of knee and hip in the initiative driving stage are 50°and 90°, and the end angle are 170°and 135°. The starting angle of the rectus femoris are 50°and 90°, and when they become to the 135°and 100°, the sEMG achieves the highest amplitude, and the sEMG signal will maintains the high electric discharge amplitude to the end. In the end of the initiative driving stage, the rectus femoris also achieves the discharge end. The start angle of the gluteus maximums are 95°and 100°,and when they become to the 135°and 100°,the sEMG achieves the highest amplitude, and the sEMG signal will maintains the high electric discharge amplitude to the end. But the discharge start time, discharge sustained time and the discharge amplitude are smaller than the data of the rectus femoris .The gluteus maximums complete the half discharge in the initiative driving stage. The last discharge muscle is the biceps femoris ,it starts to discharge in the angle of the 145°and 105°,and the amplitude is the smallest , it complete the 1/5 discharge in the initiative driving stage . (4)In the initiative driving stage of the hip stress leg-driving Wingate bicycle anaerobic power test, the sEMG discharge order is rectus femoris→biceps femoris→gluteus maximums, the sEMG sustained order is biceps femoris→rectus femoris→gluteus maximums . The rectus femoris starts discharge before the start of the initiative stage, and complete the discharge before the end of the initiative stage. When the angle become to the 85°and 145°, the sEMG of the rectus femoris achieves the highest amplitude, and the end angle of the rectus femoris are 170°and 175°. The biceps femoris discharge time is later than the time of the rectus femoris, it starts to discharge in the angle of the 85°and 145°, and when they become to the 160°and 165°, the sEMG achieves the highest amplitude, and the sEMG signal will maintains the high electric discharge amplitude to the end, the amplitude of the biceps femoris is the highest ,and the sEMG completes the discharge after the end of the initiative driving stage. The last discharge muscle is gluteus maximums ,the start angle of the gluteus maximums are 100°and 160°,and the end angle are 180°and 210°.It complete the discharge in the end of the initiative driving stage .Conclusion: (1) The AP and PP in the hip stress leg-driving Wingate anaerobic power test are lower than the data in the traditional bicycle Wingate anaerobic power test, it point out that the backward leg-driving ability is weaker than forward leg-driving ability, they also point out that the present training methods are not improve the ability of the backward leg-driving . (2) The traditional bicycle Wingate anaerobic power test can test the sprinters'anaerobic ability with forward leg-driving. (3) The Wingate anaerobic test with hip stress leg-driving can test the sprinter'anaerobic ability of backward leg-driving. (4) The hip stress leg-driving Wingate anaerobic power test is closer to the real sprint in the initiative forcibly direction, like as the work muscle ,the work time and the work order ,so it will better compared to the traditional Wingate anaerobic power test in the sprinters'anaerobic power test .