Research On The Development Of American Elite Education Since The Popularization Of Higher Education In The US

In recent years Chinese higher education has experienced the transition from the phase of elite education system to the phase of popularized education system. At this stage, Chinese elite higher education has been challenged by the popularized higher education. How to develop the elite higher education at the stage of popularized higher education? In academic field, the differences between the two have been noticed. And either's characteristics should be maintained; however, they have made neither any conclusions nor serious discussions on how to practise. The publication of the Military Bill of Right, when World War II was just about to come to the end, indicated that American higher education had been shifted from the elite to the masses. While the stage of popular higher education was coming, in a way, the elite higher education somehow had been even improved and strengthened instead of being weakened. Therefore, the author has retrospected the relations among the U.S. government, American colleges and market. Then the author has summarized its developing features, analyzed its'internal and external factors of the development in order to provide some ideas and inspirations for Chinese elite education in the popularized higher education stage.The research object of this paper is American elite education since the popularization of the higer education in the US. The author focuses on the measures of American elite education development. This article is consisted of five parts: the introduction, the key of the paper—3 parts altogether and the conclusion. The introduction part mainly illustrates the origin, summarization and significance of this research and states the definitions of the core concepts. The main three parts are the chapter two, three and four. The second chapter mainly discusses the three stages of the elite higher education in the US: the first stage--government standard stage after World War II; the second stage--mutual stage in the 1970s and 1980s under the oil crisis; the third stage--market standard stage since 1990s. The third chapter mainly summarizes some successful measures in the development of elite higher education. The fourth chapter mainly does the factor analysis, based on the German professor Schneider's theory, to analyze internal and external factors in the development of elite higher education. The fifth chapter mainly puts forward the inspirations based on outlining the existing problems in Chinese elite higher education since the higher education has been popularized.To sum up, as to Chinese higher education, we must deal with the relations properly among the government, colleges and market in order to lead Chinese elite higher education to a promising direction at the popularized higher education stage.