NGOs' Public Service Supplies: Problem And Countermeasures

During the last few years of twentieth century, the "global association revolution" was marked with the non-governmental organizations(NGO) mushroomed in the world. As the respond to the democratic welfare state as well as a competitive market economic failure, NGO still in its infancy, but already play an increasingly important role in the field of social and public services in China. Based on this background, the main research aims at the three key issues:Firstly, why the NGO should supply the public services to society. Based on the market\government failure and third-party contract management theory of interpretation, demonstrated the theoretical basis of NGO supply the public services to society; then, on the basis of further analysis of NGO's comparative advantages, demonstrated that the reality motivation of NGO to supply the public service, from the transformation of government functions and the view of market economic development.Secondly, what is the difficult of NGO faced during the supply of public services. In this article, we take a positive one for example-Z organization in Sichuan province, we got the conclusion that the NGO in our country have some problems:low efficiency of public serice, supply of particularism, lack of funds, amateurization of talents etc. The major reasons are:low efficiency of decision mechanism, imperfect of using mechanism, single of funding mechanism, stimulating and rescrition system. According to the research of the United States and transforming country-Hungary, we summed up some successful factors for use as a source of reference for NGOs in our country.Finally, answered how NGOs walk away from the predicament in the supply of public services. Relevant experience from abroad, raised from government, institutional and NGO seeking to break their three dimensions of the Road:the change of government functions the core construction of the Government and NGO interaction mechanism; build the legal system as platform to ensure the NGOs'proper rights; to upgrade their capacity to protect the public services of high quality and efficient supply.This paper based on the background of our national NGO participating in public service, carries out this literature review and combing and chooses the literature research and case according to the purpose of research. Taking a typical example to analyze the reasons and questions, our non-government faced with, then draw a conclusion in the study of foreign literature, we get a suggestion to improve our supply of non-government in participating in public service efficiently. Full-text is divided into five chapters, the specific structure and main contents are as follows:Chapter one expounds the background and significance of this paper. It summarizes the achievement that the relevant NGO at home and abroad gained in public service, and introduces the writing ideas briefly. This paper aims at exploring our national non-governmental organizations in supply of public service existed main problems and their causes, and then putting forward some countermeasures and suggestions, hoping to improve non-governmental organizations'efficiency of the supply of public services. Then combing the related literature, studying the results of the NGO to participate in public service, focusing on the reasons and government relations, we get a conclusion that the explanation for NGO is the theory of supply and demand, the civil society theory and the new public management theory, focusing paradigmatic discuss on sociology and political science. Besides, this paper comments the primary research, describes the case which will be adopted, and draws pertinent conclusions.The second chapter provides theoretical basic research for NGO in the supply of public service and answers to why the non-governmental organizations are involved in the supply of public service. The first part is the relating theory of public service, including the concept, feature and content of public service then, the distinctions between public goods and government of public service, the market and the voluntary supply three mechanisms, focusing on the voluntary supply of public service to explain the decision-making mechanism, the use of mechanisms, financing mechanisms and incentive and restraint mechanisms:the supply of public service, voluntary decision-making by individual citizens or organizations to be fully independent, with a decentralized decision-making behavior, supply is mainly a strong social welfare, public service, funded mainly by donations from communities and distribution of welfare lottery proceeds, derived by incentives from the government and social constraints. And then introduces the relevant theory of non-governmental organizations, and explains the focus of market\government failure theory, contract failure and third-party management theory, and the four modes from the non-governmental organizations in the supply of public service function aspects discusses the necessity of reality, and participating in the supply of public service involves the development of the relationship between governments.The third chapter deals with our national non-governmental organization in the supply of public service, this case analyzes the NGO's participating in public service and problems. First,1 will summarize our national NGO's participating in public service, and then 1 will take Z-organization for a typical example to study general problems in our national NGO. From the supply mechanism of the four dimensions of the cause of the problem analysis, we obtained that mainly due to non-governmental organizations, decision-making mechanism operating efficiency is low; the use of a mechanism of alienation, financing channels, the single, leading to inadequate funding and incentive and restraint mechanisms is not complete.The fourth chapter is a practical lesson about foreign NGO in the supply of public service. Taking United States and Hungary as an example, it uses depth and breadth of the literature method of foreign NGO in the supply of public service, then summarizes the public service from the public service decision-making mechanism, financing mechanisms, incentive and restrictive mechanism, we learn that the duty of directors, board of democratic decision-making procedures and a reasonable question and efficient decision-making agenda is the protection of public services, and internal oversight on industries and social strength is the real road instead of government tax system on huge number of NGOs.The fifth chapter is about the countermeasures and suggestions, answering how to overcome difficulties that our national NGO are faced with in the supply of public service. From what have been discussed above, we know that when we want to establish financial reserve system of NGO, first of all, we need to legislate a clear sub-property to avoid the interference for founds and plan to using possible founds. From the aspect of incentive and restrain, we should learn from the recourse of corporate management experience to provide a reasonable treatment for staff and improve the talent incentively; also we should formulate and revise of relevant laws to solve heavily problems involved in the supply of public service and provide a competitive environment. Besides, we should play multiple supervision mechanism, use the advantage of low cost, and overcome the chronic difficulties of corruption charity at the same time NGO should play a role of supervision and restraint.Contribution: According to the studying of our national NGO, we can use this typical case of this paper to enrich the field of studies. Besides, numerous studies existing on the foreign country, such as United States, Britain, this paper considers the situation of our countries and Hungary. Also, this paper introduces to establish NGO to participate in financial reserve mechanism of public service on the basis of property rights to avoid fluctuations in external factors for their ability to influence the supply of public service.Inadequacies:The case is selected as NGO to participate in a microcosm of the supply of public services, it may not be representative of the overall situation of the whole country. In addition, this paper has not made particular studies for NGO. And the public service in various fields and sectors have different characteristics, therefore, the activities of the performance will be different. These are problems and students have to keep trick of the issue in their further research to explore the direction.