A Study Of The Trend Of Nationalism In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Early Republic Of China

The trend of thought in militarism was a kind of national salvation thought,which had a considerable impact on China between the late Qing Dynasty and thebeginning of the Republic of China. It advocated militarism education to train thepeople’s army admiration, national ideology and the concept of power, in order toresist aggression and defend the country.The paper is divided into four parts. Introduction consists of the meaning ofauthor’s choosing the title, pervious achievements and the definition of relatedconcepts. The second part combs the development process of militarism thought,which experienced three periodical phases from the late Qing Dynasty to thebeginning of the Republic of China.The first stage was the formation period, fromreintroducing martial idea to putting forward the concept of making everyone as asoldier clearly in1902.The second stage is the development trend and rising period,from the anti-Russia movement to the outbreak of the World War I. The third stage isthe period of decline trend. Germany has always believed in the militarism, so itsfailure in World War I prompted people to reflect and consider that the end marked"axiom over power", so militarism lost its charm and gradually declined. The thirdpart analyzes the key elements of militarism, including three aspects, namelypromotion of martial spirit, advocating people having national ideology andimplementing militarism education. The fourth part explores the causes of this trendand then make an evaluation. The serious national crisis, Germany and Japan strivingfor the survival by the army, the theory of evolution and Japanese nationalism, all ofthese had impacts on militarism. In order to save the nation from extinction andrejuvenation, personages in modern China advocated militarism. Every cion has twosides, militarism is no exception. On one hand, it has positive effects on transformingnational character and promoting the development of modern sports. On the otherhand, it overly highlighted the significance of military power to national survival andrelatively neglected the subjectivity of national.